PARKS 



in figures 2<z and 2&, are to be used they are installed and their upper sur- 

 face brought to the level desired. The side boards of figures za and 2b are 

 set at the finished grade of the bowling green, while curbing is usually set 

 at five to seven inches above the surface of the green. 



Foundation. The foundation course of cinders is placed on the sub- 

 grade and rolled until thoroughly compacted. The finished cinder course 

 should be at least four inches in thickness. Four inches of topsoil are placed 

 over the cinder course and covered with a layer of well-rotted stable manure. 

 This layer is spread as evenly as possible in order to prevent uneven settling 

 of the upper layers when disintegration takes place. Over this area topsoil 

 is placed to be within two inches of the finished surface when rolled. Before 

 rolling the whole area is thoroughly spaded. The soil for this course can 

 be prepared by thoroughly incorporating well-rotted manure in the soil 

 and using the mixture instead of a layer of soil and manure. This will 

 ensure an even settling and minimize the development of depressions. 



The playing surface of the green is now prepared and placed upon the 

 prepared layers. The soil should consist of the best topsoil obtainable, pref- 

 erably of a light, slightly sandy nature; if the only soil to be had is heavy, 

 a little clean water-washed sand, not sharp, can be mixed with the soil. 

 The soil is screened to remove large lumps, stones and grass roots and mixed 

 with some commercial brand of humus. This mixture is spread evenly over 

 the entire green and rolled. Grade pegs ten feet apart over the surface are 

 set and the surface brought to a true and level plane by means of a straight 

 edge between the grade pegs and rolled again. To avoid footprints in this 

 rolling which, like the previous rollings, should be done with a hand roller, 

 the men should wear rubber boots or shoes with flat heels, and during the 

 final rolling the roller should be pulled not pushed. 



Sowing seed. The green should be well watered and kept moist to 

 hasten the germination of weed seeds. When a good crop of weeds has 

 sprouted, they should be carefully hoed with garden hoes. No more than 

 the top three-quarters of an inch of soil should be cultivated so that no 

 more weed seeds may be brought up within germinating distance of the 

 surface. Four or five days before the seed is to be sown, a good commercial 

 fertilizer should be added. When this has thoroughly dissolved, the ground 

 should be sown heavily with seed of the very finest quality. Seeding is 

 best done on a calm day, and half the seed should be sown while walking 

 at right angles to the direction taken in sowing the other half. The seed 

 is then brushed into the soil or covered with a light layer of sifted soil and 

 rolled lightly. The turf should be a dense mat of fine-textured grass, 

 Chewings New Zealand fescue being largely used for the purpose. 



The playing surface so constructed usually has a ditch and bank on 



