CONSTRUCTION NOTES 3 '5 



four sides if it be square, or ditch and bank across the ends and bank alone 

 at the sides if it be oblong. The bank should be at least eighteen inches 

 high and should be at least a one-to-one slope, in fact the steeper the 

 better. It should be sodded and the sod pegged. The ditch is usually 

 about twelve inches wide by three inches deep. In its simplest form a 

 two by four-inch joist is set on edge next the playing surface. In this case 

 the slope of the bank opposite starts from the bottom of the ditch which 

 is covered with sand. Another form adds to this a strip of two by four 

 inches to hold the bottom of the bank, the two stringers being spaced by 

 spreaders at regular intervals. Another style puts a plank on the bottom 

 of the ditch with holes two inches in diameter every five or six feet. Prob- 

 ably the neatest looking ditch is built as follows: A dressed three by six- 

 inch plank with one rounded corner is set against the playing surface, the 

 rounded corner being toward the ditch. A lattice a foot wide and the 

 length of this ditch is then built of short pieces of one by one and a half- 

 inch boards nailed between two pieces of two by four inches. This lattice 

 is laid flat in the ditch, and the inner side may be nailed there to the three 

 by six-inch plank. A good coat of green or brown stain adds a finishing 

 touch and preserves the wood from early decay. Under some climates it 

 is desirable to remove the lattice and store it in a dry place during the 

 winter. 



Bowls are frequently played at night and artificial lighting must be 

 provided. There are three types; the first consists of strings of I5o-watt 

 lamps in ordinary green and white metal reflectors spaced about eighteen 

 feet apart in the row and the string hung from a pole at each end so that 

 the lights are about ten feet above the playing surface. The second type 

 uses flood lights at the corners or the ends of the green. These may be 

 75o-watt lamps set twenty feet high. The third type uses loo-candle power 

 arc lights on thirty-foot standards, one at each corner of the green. Where 

 several greens are close together the arc lights have an advantage over flood 

 lights because the flood light illuminates only one portion of the green at 

 which they are pointed, while the arc lights will illuminate two or three 

 greens at once. 



Maintenance. No strict rules can be laid down for maintenance of a 

 green because the treatment required will depend on its construction, its 

 use and the weather. In general it must be kept well watered, closely clipped 

 and rolled thoroughly but not too often. Experienced greensmen often use 

 a thin board set on edge and fastened to a handle like a rake to go over 

 the greens and remove ajiy minor irregularities caused by worms or other 

 causes, before rolling. 



When a green gets heavy use, worn spots often develop. These must 



