PARK SANITATION" 



831 



Put- I extra rod In concrete 

 atonj each ed}of manhole. 



Above and at upper corners of 

 spring box dig a trench at least 

 1 foot deep that will lead 

 all surface water. 



trance of polluted surface water. Water can be drawn from the inclosed 

 spring by means of a pump (Plate 308). A trench should be dug around 

 the spring, or at least on the upper side, to carry away the surface run-off of 

 storm water. The area surrounding the spring should be fenced. 



Purification of Water Supply. 



Water is purified in order to kill the disease-producing germs. This 

 can be accomplished in various ways in parks and other recreation areas 

 dependent upon their own water 

 supplies. Among these various 

 ways the following may be con- 

 sidered: 



Boiling water. When water 

 is actually boiled from fifteen 

 to twenty minutes all germs are 

 killed. This method is feasible 

 where only a few people are to 

 be supplied, but is impracticable 

 where any great amount of water 

 is required. Instances where it 

 might be used are in the case of 

 small picnic parties going into 

 a forest reservation or undevel- 

 oped large park and desiring to 

 use water from a stream or a 

 spring or well the purity of which 

 is not known; or small camping 

 parties remaining for a few days 

 under similar conditions, etc.; PLAN 



Reinforce top slab with /4* 

 square twisted rods spaced 

 6 on centers in both directions. 

 Bottom rods placed 1" from 

 bottom of concrete. 



Hinged and pad locked trap door 



jg Roll frame to lop of spring box. 



*' 'f'-* V c * ; '-'a 1 



**= -^-*<= ' V. fonrtiirlnr Din* 



Concrete walls or stone 

 laid in cement mortar, 

 to a depth of at least 

 3 feet below ground 

 swfea. 



5ECTION 



PLATE No. 307. PROTECTED SPRING FROM WHICH 



WATER IS OBTAINED THROUGH AN 



OVERFLOW PIPE 



(Pennsylvania State Department of Health.) 



but even in such instances, where 

 boiling water for human use 

 might be considered practicable, 

 it is an unsafe procedure because 

 of the uncertainty of the human 



element. Where water for drinking purposes must be boiled by the indi- 

 vidual in order to render it harmless, the boiling is almost sure to be either 

 carelessly performed or not done at all. If water is turbid or contains organic 

 matter, it should be strained through a closely woven cloth before boiling. 

 Boiled water is flat and has an insipid taste, but is rendered palatable by 

 aeration. Boiled water can be effectively aerated by pouring it through the 

 air from one vessel into another. 



