PARKS 



PURIFICATION OF THE ENTIRE PARK WATER SUPPLY 

 In large outlying reservations where a community water system is not 

 available it may be found desirable to develop a centralized water system, 

 similar to a community water system, which will supply all the water used 

 in the park by campers, picnickers, hikers or other users of the area. This 

 involves the collection of water into a central reservoir or several reservoirs 

 and the purification of the water by the addition of chlorine while in the 

 reservoirs before being delivered to the user. 



Where water is obtained from a stream or possibly from an artesian 

 well, it may be carried to the reservoir by gravity. Where the reservoir or 

 tanks are higher than the primary source of the water, a booster pump must 



PLATE No. 310 

 RESERVOIR SHOWING POSITION OF INLET AND OUTLET 



The reservoir should be screened or roofed to prevent the entrance of insects and small animals. 



be used to elevate the water from the intake into the reservoir. The intake 

 usually consists of pipe with lateral openings which are screened to pre- 

 vent the entrance of debris. In a large stream the intake pipe should extend 

 some distance from the shore, and in any event should be well below the 

 low-water mark. 



Two reservoirs should be provided, each of sufficient size to furnish 

 water for the maximum population of the area for a period of at least twelve 

 hours. From the reservoirs the water is distributed to various parts of the 

 park (picnic places, camp grounds, refreshment stands, restaurants, toilet 

 stations, etc.) through underground iron pipes, and it is therefore essential 

 that the reservoirs be so located that the water can be distributed by 

 gravity. The reservoirs should be at least twenty feet above the faucets 

 of the distributing system so as to provide sufficient pressure. Where high 

 ground, such as a hill, is available, the reservoirs may consist of concrete 

 basins placed upon or preferably in the ground. If this method is not 

 possible or feasible, then wooden or iron tanks are elevated to a suitable 

 height by framework or piers. The reservoirs or tanks should be covered 

 or screened to prevent the access of birds or rodents. 



