892 



PARKS 



4. The pool and the surrounding floor should be free 

 from obstructions. 



Standards for Swimming Pool Maintenance. 



1. Unless there is a constantly inflowing stream of 

 absolutely clean, clear, colorless, fresh water this con- 

 dition should be approximated by filtration, refiltration 

 and disinfection. 



2. Where treatment is needed, filtration alone should 

 not be relied upon to maintain the purity of the pool. 

 There should also be disinfection by hypochlorite of 

 lime, chlorin gas, ultraviolet rays, ozone, or other 

 suitable methods. 



3. Visible dirt on the bottom of the pool shall not be 

 permitted to remain more than twenty-four hours. Any 

 visible scum or floating matter on the surface of the 

 water shall be removed within twenty-four hours by 

 flushing or other effective means. 



4. There should be an attendant proficient in swim- 

 ming and life-saving always on duty while the pool is 

 in use, and at other times ingress to the pool room 

 should be prevented. 



5. Every pool operator should be supplied with a 

 proper notebook or with blank forms on which should 

 be recorded every day the number of persons using the 

 pool, the volume of new water added, the temperature 

 of the water, and the temperature of the air. Wherever 

 a pool is used by both males and females the number of 

 each and whether adults or children, should also be 

 recorded. At all pools where artificial circulation, filtra- 

 tion, or any chemical treatment is used, a full daily 

 record should be kept of the actual time pumps and 

 filters are in operation, of the time each filter is washed 

 and cleaned, of the time and amount of each chemical 

 used or added, of the time the bottom and sides of the 

 pool are cleaned, the results of all acidity, alkalinity, 

 and excess chlorin tests. 



Standards for the Sanitary Quality of Swimming Pool 

 Waters. 



1. Excess Chlorin. Whenever liquid chlorin or cal- 

 cium hypochlorite is used for swimming pool disin- 

 fection, the amount of available or excess chlorin in 

 the water at all times when the pool is in use shall not 

 be less than o.i p.p.m. nor more than 0.5 p.p.m. 



2. Acidity-Alkalinity. Whenever alum or sulphate 

 of alumina is used during purification or repurification 

 of swimming pool waters, the water at all times when 



the pool is in use shall show an alkaline reaction to 

 methyl orange. 



3. Clearness. At all times when the pool is in use the 

 water shall be sufficiently clear to permit a black disk 

 six inches in diameter on a white field when placed on 

 the bottom of the pool at the deepest point, to be clearly 

 visible from the sidewalk of the pool at all distances 

 up to ten yards measured from a line drawn across the 

 pool through the disk. 



4. Temperatures. The water in any swimming pool 

 should not be artificially heated to a temperature above 

 72 degrees F. The temperature of the air at any arti- 

 ficially heated swimming pool must not be permitted to 

 become more than eight degrees F. warmer nor more 

 than two degrees F. colder than the water in the pool 

 at any time when the pool is in use. For best results, 

 it is desirable that air temperatures should be abou t 

 five degrees F. warmer than pool temperature. 



5. Bacteria count agar, two days, 20 degrees C. 

 (This count optional.) Not more than ten per cent of 

 samples covering any considerable period shall exceed 

 1,000 bacteria per c.c. No single sample shall contain 

 more than 5,000 bacteria per c.c. 



6. Bacteria count on agar or litmus lactose agar 

 24 hours 37 degrees C. Not more than ten per cent of 

 samples covering any considerable period shall contain 

 more than 100 bacteria per c.c. No single sample shall 

 contain more than 200 bacteria per c.c. 



7. B. Coli, presumptive test. Not more than two 

 out of five samples collected on the same day, nor more 

 than three out of any ten consecutive samples collected 

 on different dates to show a positive presumptive test. 



8. Tests for Excess Chlorin. At any pool where 

 liquid chlorin or hypochlorite of lime is used for disin- 

 fection, the operator should be supplied with a proper 

 outfit for making the orthotolidin test for excess chlorin 

 and with permanent standards showing maximum and 

 minimum permissible chlorin in the water. Tests for 

 excess chlorin in the water must be made every day 

 that the pool is in use. 



9. Tests for Acidity. At any pool where alum or sul- 

 phate of alumina is used or where artificial alkalinity is 

 added to the water, the operator should be supplied 

 with a proper outfit for testing acidity and alkalinity, 

 and must make such tests on the water every day that 

 the pool is in use. 



Note: For sanitary standards for bathers, see Chapte r 

 XIII. 



STREAM POLLUTION IN PARKS AND RESERVATIONS 



The control of the pollution of streams in parks, especially in outlying 

 parks and reservations, is a matter of grave concern wherever such prop- 

 erties exist. In the metropolitan park district of Cleveland the efforts of 

 the park commission to restore and maintain the purity of the streams 



