9 i8 PARKS 



mals needing specially prepared food, storage places, shop, stable, etc. The 

 water and sewer system may be included in this group of facilities. In 

 most zoos, the administrative office, kitchens and storage facilities may 

 be located in structures primarily used for the confinement and exhibit 

 of specimens. The second group of structures comprises comfort stations, 

 waiting stations at the termini of railway or bus lines, shelter houses, refresh- 

 ment stands and refectory. In a very few zoos various facilities are pro- 

 vided for the recreation of the people, such as a dance hall, outdoor theatre, 

 indoor theatre, carrousel and pony paddock and track. A very important 

 feature of the plan of modern zoos is adequate parking space. 



THE ADMINISTRATION OF ZOOLOGICAL PARKS 



Public zoological parks in the United States are administered by three 

 different types of agencies by private societies, by special municipal admin- 

 istrative bodies and by park departments. 



The private zoological societies are as a rule incorporated under the 

 laws of the state in which they operate and are thus given the standing of 

 quasi-public agencies, thereby enabling municipalities legally to turn over 

 to them the administration of publicly owned areas and facilities, and to 

 control the expenditure of public appropriations for zoo purposes. Where 

 this method of administration prevails the park departments or municipal 

 governments exercise no authority over the actual administration, although 

 there may be a representative of the park or municipal governing authority 

 on the board of directors. There are a few examples, as in Milwaukee and 

 St. Louis, of zoological societies which act only in a cooperating capacity 

 with municipal authorities and without any direct administrative authority. 



Zoos in a Number of Cities. 



The New York Zoological Park (Bronx Park) is under the adminis- 

 trative control of the New York Zoological Society, a scientific body incor- 

 porated in 1895 under a special charter granted by the State of New York. 

 The objects of the society are: "to establish a public zoological park; to 

 preserve our native wild animals; and to promote the science of zoology." 

 The membership of the society, which numbered in 1925, two thousand, 

 two hundred members, is divided into the following classes: annual, $10; 

 life, $200; patron, $1,000; associate founder, $2,500; founder, $5,000; 

 founder in perpetuity, $10,000; benefactor, $25,000. 



A board of managers comprising thirty-six persons elected by the 

 membership has charge of the affairs of the society. This board meets 

 three times a year. An executive committee of eight members, chosen by 

 the board of managers, has active charge of the planning and general devel- 

 opment of the work of the society. The general executive officers of the 



