ZOOLOGICAL PARKS AND AQUARIUMS 919 



society consist of the director of the zoological park, the assistant director, 

 director of the aquarium, prosector and bursar. (For a list of the principal 

 executive officers of the zoological park, see section on Personnel, page 923.) 



The Philadelphia Zoological Society, which administers the Philadel- 

 phia Zoological Garden located in Fairmount Park, was incorporated in 

 1859, being, perhaps, the oldest of such societies in this country. It estab- 

 lished the zoological garden in 1876. The general affairs of the society are 

 controlled by a board of directors consisting of eighteen prominent citizens. 

 An executive committee has immediate charge of the management of the 

 garden. 



The Cincinnati Zoological Garden, the oldest of the most notable 

 zoological gardens in the United States, was administered, when first 

 opened in 1875, by a board of directors of a stock company which had been 

 formed for the purpose of establishing and maintaining the garden. After 

 a number of years of successful development and operation of the garden 

 the financial affairs of the company became so involved that it passed into 

 a receiver's hands. As a result of the efforts of the receivers "to save the 

 zoo" a large amount of money was privately subscribed with which the 

 debts of the garden were liquidated and a new organization formed in 1899 

 known as the Cincinnati Zoological Company. The garden continued under 

 the management of the new company until 1902 when the Cincinnati 

 Traction Company purchased all the stock of the Zoological Company. 

 The management of the garden continued under the Traction Company 

 officials until 1916, when it was purchased through private subscription 

 and came under the management of a new private organization known 

 as the Cincinnati Zoological Park Association, which continues to operate 

 it to this date (1925). 



In San Diego a zoological society was organized in 1916 to take over 

 the group of animals which had been on exhibit at the Panama-California 

 Exposition. The society assumed entire support of this collection until 

 1922, when the new zoological garden was constructed with the aid of public 

 unds. The administration of the garden, located in Balboa Park, con- 

 tinued under the society, although the major financial support for operation 

 and maintenance comes from public appropriations. The aims and purposes 

 of the San Diego Zoological Society are as follows: (a) The exhibition of 

 wild animals, birds and reptiles for educational purposes, (b) The instruc- 

 tion of the public, especially children, in regard to the habits, habitats 

 and usefulness of wild animals, birds and reptiles, distinguishing between 

 those that are harmful and those that are beneficial to mankind, (c) The 

 conservation of American wild life, in order that such animals as the bison, 

 the antelope, the mountain sheep, the elk, and the great American eagle 



