206 THE LAW. 



aptly remarked) "no observation from the outside ever did, 

 or ever will, approach that most intense of all realities 

 our relations as responsible agents to right and wrong." 

 This is the rock ahead on which all theories of mere 

 physical development must ever split ; and their abettors 

 are driven to this dilemma either to maintain the identity 

 of man's nature (though differing in degree) with that of 

 the beasts that perish, or frankly to admit that the human 

 race sprang into being only when " God breathed into his 

 nostrils the breath of life, and man became a living soul." 



We are aware that certain physiologists who adopt the 

 development hypothesis contend also for a unity of mental 

 constitution between man and the lower creatures its 

 manifestations differing only in degree among the various 

 grades of organisation. Adhering to the one hypothesis, 

 they are prepared to accept the other and all its conse- 

 quences as a logical and sequential deduction. It is strange, 

 however, to find others who, like Professor Agassiz, re- 

 pudiate all theories of physical development, adopting a 

 similar conclusion ; and not only so, but arguing for the 

 community of an immaterial and immortal principle, as if 

 this were not a stronger argument for universal genetic 

 connection than any that can be drawn from mere similar- 

 ity of external organs. " For the most part," says'the Pro- 

 fessor, in his Essay on Classification, " the relations of in- 

 dividuals to individuals are unquestionably of an organic 

 nature, and, as such, have to be viewed in the same light 

 as any other structural feature; but there is much also in 

 these connections that partakes of a psychological character, 

 taking this expression in the widest sense of the word. 

 When animals fight with one another when they associate 

 for a common purpose when they warn one another in 

 danger when they come to the rescue of one another 

 when they display pain and joy they manifest impulses of 



