I 9 2 



PIONEERS OF EVOLUTION. 



throughout civilisation these have advanced together, 

 acting and reacting on each other just as the sepa- 

 rate sciences have done; and that thus the develop- 

 ment of intelligence in all its divisions and subdi- 

 visions has conformed to this same law to which 

 we have shown the sciences conform " (Ib. The 

 Genesis of Science, pp. 191, 192). 



(In correspondence with this, recognising that 

 the same method has to be adopted in all inquiry, 

 whether we deal with the body or the mind, the fol- 

 lowing may be quoted from Hume's Treatise on 

 Human Nature. 



" 'Tis evident that all the sciences have a relation, 

 greater or less, to human nature; and that, however 

 wide any of them may seem to run from it, they 

 still return back by one passage or another. Even 

 Mathematics, Natural Philosophy, and Natural Re- 

 ligion are in some measure dependent on the sci- 

 ence of MAN, since they lie under the cognisance 

 of men, and are judged of by their powers and 

 qualities.) 



" The analogy between individual organisms and 

 the social organisms is one that has in all ages forced 

 itself on the attention of the observant. . . . While it 

 is becoming clear that there are no such special 

 parallelisms between the constituent parts of a man 

 and those of a nation, as have been thought to exist, 

 it is also becoming clear that the general principles 

 of development and structure displayed in all organ- 

 ised bodies are displayed in societies also. The fun- 



