POLYPODIES DRYOSTACHYUM. 1 35 



sinuate-lobed; above this 50 cm. or more of the sterile region, pinnatifid 

 within 1 cm. of the rachis into erecto-patent segments about 25 cm. long 

 and 4 cm. broad; finally the fertile apex, more than 30 cm. high, cut 

 to the rachis into segments 10 to 20 cm. long, about 1 cm. broad, separated 

 by twice their own breadth; sori occupying the entire dorsal surface 

 except the midrib and main veins running to the margin. 



Luzon, Cuming 87; Benguet, Topping 245; Davao, Copeland 1285. 



Malacca to New Guinea. 



(58) DRYNARIA Bory. 



Rhizome very stout, scaly, creeping; fronds of two kinds, (a) cup-leaves, 

 brown, rigid, like sessile oak leaves, and (6) ordinary leaves, large, green, 

 pinnatifid, with segments deciduous from the racKis, of pinnate; veins 

 anastomosing copiously, with free included veinlets in all directions. Large, 

 conspicuous epiphytes. The cup-leaves collect quantities of detritus, form- 

 ing a soil into which the roots grow. 



(1) D. quercifolia (L.) Bory. Scales of the rhizome about 1 cm. long, 

 brown, narrowly lanceolate, from a cordate base; cup-leaves 20 to 30 

 cm. long, 15 to 20 cm. broad, shallowly lobed below, deeply toward the 

 apex; normal fronds on petioles sometimes 35 cm. long, winged nearly 

 or quite to the base; frond 60 to 100 cm. long, about 30 cm. broad, 

 pinnatifid as a rule to about 5 mm. from the rachis, into segments 10 to 

 15 mm. broad; sori in regular rows, one row on each side of each main 

 vein running to the margin. 



Luzon, Cuming 25, 273, 414; Nueva Viscaya, Merrill 311; Benguet, 

 Topping 174, 344; Mount Mariveles, Whitford 372; Sorsogon, Catanduanes, 

 Bataan, and Masbate, Baranda; Culion, Merrill; Capiz, Panay, Copeland 70; 

 Guimaras, Ritchie, Forestry Bureau, 36; Cebu, Barrow 21; Davao, DeVore 

 and Hoover 161, Copeland 1321. 



India to Melanesia and Queensland. 



(2) D. Linnaei Bory. Scales of the rhizome broadly ovate with peltate 

 base; cup-leaves bluntly lobed; normal fronds 60 to 100 cm. long, 15 to 

 30 cm. broad, long stalked, cut down nearly to the rachis into entire, 

 erecto-patent lanceolate lobes, rigid, glabrous; sori small and scattered. 



Cagayan, Luzon, Warburg 12209, 12210; Davao, Warburg 14141. 

 Ceylon to Polynesia and Queensland. 



(3) D. rigidula (Sw.) J. Sm. Rhizome creeping, intertwined, clothed 

 with ferrugineous, black-centred, long- pointed scales; cup-leaves sessile, 

 deeply cordate, oblong, narrowed upward, 15 to 25 cm. long, sinuate near 

 the base, deeply lobed toward the apex; normal leaves pinnate, 50 to 

 100 cm. or more long; pinnae 10 to 25 cm. long, broadly linear, acuminate, 

 unequal -sided at base, on short, winged petiolules, very readily cast, serrate, 

 glabrous, hard; fertile pinnae usually narrower than the sterile, with a 

 single row of round, immersed sori along each side of the costa. A tree- 

 top fern, forming large nests. 



Philippines, Cuming 248, 263; Mindanao, Copeland 1644. 

 Malacca to Polynesia and Australia. 



