260 PRACTICAL FLORICULTURE. 



of the bunch, giving opportunity for fuller development. 

 This is especially necessary in Hamburgs and Muscats. 



SUMMER PRU>1XG 



should commence just before the vines are in flower. The 

 shoot may be shortened to one joint above the bunch in- 

 tended to be left. Strong vines will often show two or 

 three bunches on a shoot, The laterals which grow below 

 the bunch must be rubbed off, while that which grows by 

 the bunch and above it is to be left and shortened to one 

 joint. When the laterals have again made a few leaves 

 they need to be again shortened in the same way, all 

 through the season while the vine continues to grow. 



MULCHING THE BORDER 



is always beneficial if not indispensable to the well-being 

 of the grapery, not only to protect the roots from being 

 frozen in winter, but also because when such fertilizing 

 material as stable manure is used, the roots are drawn to 

 the surface of the border, which greatly conduces to the 

 health of the vine and the quality of the fruit. 



PROTECTING THE VINES IN COLD GRAPERIES 



is of great benefit. About the simplest way to do so is 

 to run a board along 18 inches or so from the front wall. 

 After pruning the vines (which may be done at any time 

 after they drop their leaves), they are to be taken down 

 from the wires and laid down between this boarding and 

 the front wall, and the space entirely filled up with soil 01 

 sand. It is necessary, though, to watch that ground mice 

 do not get to the vines, as they might destroy them by 

 eating the bark. We have found that vines so covered up 

 keep admirably, and that the plan is less liable to draw 



