318 TYPHUS FEVEK CATARRH. 



Dry food, salt, camphorated drinks and vegetable tonics, 

 are usually administered. Bleedings are sometimes resorted 

 to in the very earliest stage of the malady. Tessier, one of 

 the ablest agricultural writers of France, suggests the follow- 

 ing modes of prevention : " To keep the flock more in the 

 sheep house during the rainy season ; to feed better the ewes 

 that are pregnant, or that are giving suck; never to milk 

 the ewes;* not to turn the young lambs on those marshy 

 situations on which the danger of being infected by the rot 

 makes them afraid to place the mothers ; to keep salt within 

 the reach both of the lambs and the ewes ; not to send the 

 sheep to the field when the weather is cold, and to drive them 

 back when storms threaten ; not to shear the sheep so early 

 as- they are accustomed to perform that operation ; and to 

 endeavor by every possible means to drain the ponds and 

 marshes with which that [La Sologne] and so many other 

 districts of France abounds." f 



This formidable malady has never yet appeared in the 

 United States. 



TYPHUS FEVER. Mr. Youatt expresses the opinion that 

 this disease often destroys thousands of sheep in Great Britain, 

 and that many of the diseases recognized as braxy are really 

 of this class. I do not know that it ever occurs, as a distinct 

 or idiopathic malady, in the United States; but I scarcely 

 ever saw any febrile symptoms attend any form of ovine 

 disease in our country which were not, or did not Very soon 

 become typhoid in their character. (See page 262.) English 

 practitioners recommend " the lancet and Epsom salts," at 

 the " very commencement " of the disease. In any stage of 

 any malady attended by the characteristic low form of fever, 

 where I have seen bleeding and purgative medicines both 

 resorted to, to any serious extent, their apparent effect has 

 been uniformly to accelerate the fatal result. 



CATARRH. Catarrh is an inflammation of the mucous 

 membrane which lines the nasal passages and it sometimes 

 extends to the larynx and pharynx. In the first instance 

 where the lining of the nasal passages is alone and not very 

 violently affected it is merely accompanied by an increased 

 discharge of mucus, and is rarely attended with much danger. 



The French, in many districts, milk their ewes and manufacture the milk into 

 i. 

 t Quoted by Youatt, at p. 481 



