LETTER XI. 



The Ohio. Cincinnati. Vine Culture. Kentucky. Bourbon Whisky. Cin- 

 cinnati to Columbus. Small Farmers decreasing. Westward Movement of 

 Population. Indian Corn never fails. Wheat precarious. Average Produce 

 " very low. Live Stock. Profits of Farming. Labour economised by Steam. 

 Quantity of Whisky produced. Public Expenditure on Education. Com- 

 pared with England. Rate of Taxation. Crossing the Alleghanies. Vir- 

 ginia. Maryland. Washington. Baltimore. Philadelphia. New York. 

 Boston. Home . 



I PASSED rapidly during the night through Indiana, reaching 

 the Ohio Eiver at Lawrenceburg the next morning. The banks 

 on both sides of this muddy stream are high and clothed with 

 wood. Thiy recede some distance from the river, leaving a 

 valley which is extremely rich and highly cultivated. Near 

 Cincinnati the hill sides are covered with vineyards, with pretty 

 rural villas interspersed. Vine culture has been profitable here, 

 and is extending. Ohio produces annually 700,000 gallons of 

 Catawba champagne, a sweet sparkling wine, not equal to that 

 of France. 



Forty years ago Cincinnati was a small town. It has now 

 a population of 200,000, and is a very fine city, with many pub- 

 lic buildings, shops, and streets of great architectural elegance. 

 There is an excllent public library and news-room, to which 

 strangers are admitted. 



I took a run by railway 100 miles into Kentucky to Lex- 

 ington, the home of Henry Clay. This State is famous for its 

 grazing properties, a red soil lying on limestone, and the fields, 

 where the country is cleared of timber, are green and rich-look- 



