12 



A PRIMER OF FORESTRY. 



The first of these is protection, especially against 

 fire, overgrazing, and thieves, for without such protec- 

 tion no investment is secure and the most skillful man- 

 agement is of little effect. 



The second is strong and abundant reproduction. A 

 forest without young growth is like a family without 

 children. It will speedily die out. 



FIG. 4. Vigorous reproduction along the edge of a forest. Germany. 



The third requirement is a regular supply of trees 

 ripe for the ax. This can be secured only by the 

 right proportion of each of the smaller sizes constantly 

 coming on in the growing forest. Thus, a farmer in 



