EXOGENOUS SERIES-NEEDLELEAF WOODS. 149 



Norway Pine, Red Pine. Pinus resmosa Ait. 

 Nomenclature. (Sudworth. ) 



Norway Pine, Red Pine (local Hard Pine (Wis ) 



and common names). Canadian Red Pine (Eng ) 



Locality. 



Southern Canada, northern United States from Maine to 



Minnesota, Pennsylvania. 

 Features of Tree. 



SiX ^ y A u inety feet in height ' one to three feet in diameter 

 Reddish blossoms and bark on branchlets. Leaves in twos 

 from long sheaths. A tall, straight tree. 

 Color, Appearance, or Grain of Wood. 



Thin heartwood light red, sapwood yellow to white. Numerous 

 pronounced medullary rays. 



Structural Qualities of Wood. 



Light, hard, elastic, not durable, resinous. 

 Representative Uses of Wood. 



Piles, telegraph poles, masts, flooring, and wainscoting. 



Weight of Seasoned Wood in Pounds per Cubic Foot 



31 (U. S. Forestry Div.).* 



30. 

 Modulus of Elasticity. 



1,620,000 (average of 100 tests by U. S. Forestry Division).* 



1,600,000. 



Modulus of Rupture. 



9, 100 (average of 95 tests by U. S. Forestry Div.).* 



12,500. 



Remarks. 



Sometimes commercially handled with white pine. Unimpor- 

 tant as regards turpentine and resin, in spite of specific name, 

 which signifies resinous. Long sheaths enable children to 

 make chains of leaves. 



* Fee page 8. 



The Monterey Pine (Pinus radiata) is best developed near Monterey, 

 California, where it is often 100 feet high, symmetrical or distorted ac- 

 cording to exposure. It is widely transplanted for landscape effects. The 

 wood is occasionally cut into lumber. 



The Digger, Grayleaf, Gray or Sabine Pine (Pinus sabiniana) of north- 

 ern and central Californian foothills affords a poor and seldom-used wood. 

 The nuts were prized by Digger Indians, whence the name. The tree- 

 form is unusual; trunks are forked or divided, and the sparse grayish 

 foliage is, for the most part, near the ends of the branches. The tree yields 

 a turpentine used in medicine. (See " abietene," U. S. Dispensatory.) 



The Scrub or Jack Pine (Pinus divaricata) of the North Central and 

 Atlantic States yields a wood classed among lighter "hard pines" and 

 chiefly used for ties and fuel. The species is hardy in some semi-arid 

 regions where other pines will not grow. The Scrub or Jersey Pine (Pinus 

 virginiana) grows from Manhattan Island south and west to Alabama and 

 Tennessee. The inferior wood is used for fuel, water pipe and coarse 

 lumber. 



