i88 EXOGENOUS SERIES NEEDLELEAF WOODS. 



Redwood. Sequoia sempervirens Endl. 



Nomenclature. (Sudworth.) 



Redwood (local and common Sequoia, California Redwood, 

 name). Coast Redwood (local). 



Locality. 



Central and North Pacific coast region. 



Features of Tree. 



Two bundled to three hundred feet in height, sometimes higher, 

 six to eight and sometimes twenty feet in diameter. Straight, 

 symmetrical trunk. Low branches rare. 



Color, Appearance, or Grain of Wood. 



Thick heartwood red, changing to reddish brown when seasoned; 

 Thin sapwood nearly white. Coarse, straight grain, compact 

 structure, very thick bark. 



Structural Qualities of Wood. 



Light, not strong, soft, very durable, not resinous, easily 

 worked. Does not burn easily, receives polish. 



Representative Uses of Wood. 



Timber, shingles, flumes, fence-posts, coffins, railway ties, 

 water-pipes, interior decoration. Bark made into souvenirs. 



Weight of Seasoned Wood in Pounds per Cubic Foot. 

 26 (census figure, see page 8). 



Modulus of Elasticity. 



790,000 (average of 8 Humboldt specimens), f 

 1,140,00x3 (average of 7 Humboldt specimens). f 

 960,000 (census figure, see page 8) 



Modulus of Rupture. 



4920 (average of 9 Humboldt specimens).! 

 7138 (average of 7 Mendocino specimens). f 

 8400 (census figure, see page 8). 



Remarks. 



Pacific coast chief construction wood. Curled or distorted grain 

 adds value for cabinet purposes. 



The Big or Mammoth Tree or Giant Redwood (S. washing- 

 toniana Sudworth and -S". gigantea} is the largest tree known. The 

 wood resembling that of S. sempervirens is used locally, see U. S. 

 Forestry Bui. No. 28. 



f Professor Frank Soule\ Trans. Am. Inst. M. E., California Meeting, 1899. 

 There are several trees of this species near New York City. 



