xii 



CONTENTS. 



CAP. 

 X\ GENESIS, HEREDITY, AND VARIATION Concluded . . . .366 



XI. CLASSIFICATION 374 



XII. DISTRIBUTION 396 



PART III. THE EVOLUTION OF LIFE. 



I. PRELIMINARY . . . . , . . . . . .416 



II. GENERAL ASPECTS or THE SPECIAL-CREATION-HYPOTHESIS . .417 



HI. GENERAL ASPECTS or THE EVOLUTION-HYPOTHESIS . . . 431 



IV. THE ARGUMENTS FROM CLASSIFICATION 441 



y. THE ARGUMENTS FROM EMBRYOLOGY . . . . . . 460 



VI. THE ARGUMENTS FROM MORPHOLOGY 468 



VII. THE ARGUMENTS FROM DISTRIBUTION 476 



VIII. HOW IS ORGANIC EVOLUTION CAUSED? 490 



IX. EXTERNAL FACTORS 499 



X. INTERNAL FACTORS 608 



XI. DIRECT EQUILIBRATION 519 



XII. INDIRECT EQUILIBRATION 629 



XIII. THE CO-OPERATION OF THE FACTORS 649 



XIV. THE CONVERGENCE OF THE EVIDENCES 654 



XIV*. RECENT CRITICISMS AND HYPOTHESES 559 



APPENDICES. 



A. THE GENERAL LAW OF ANIMAL FERTILITY 677 



B. THE INADEQUACY OF NATURAL SELECTION, ETC. .... 602 

 C. THE INHERITANCE OF FUNCTIONALLY-WROUGHT MODIFICATIONS: A 



SUMMARY 692 



D. ON ALLEGED " SPONTANEOUS GENERATION " AND ON THE HYPOTHESIS 



OF PHYSIOLOGICAL UNITS . . 696 



