POISONS AND ANTIDOTES 333 



poison, to form a protective coating for the stomach, or to 

 entangle the poison by coagulation. 



COMMON POISONS AND THEIR ANTIDOTES: 



Irritant poisons (more or less corrosive) : 



1) Arsenic (Paris green, Fowler's solution, arsenious acid, 

 and certain vermin killers). 



Antidote: Precipitated oxide of iron. If this cannot be 

 immediately obtained, give moistened plaster of wall which will 

 mix with the poison and serve to protect the stomach. 



2) Phosphorus (matches, Rough on Rats). 



Antidotes: Emetics and magnesia or plaster from wall. 

 Caution: Do not give oily substances, as milk. 



3) Corrosive sublimate (mercuric bichloride, bug poison). 

 Antidotes: Emetics and white of egg. 



4) Iodine (tincture). 

 Antidote: Boiled starch, rice, etc. 



5) Lead (paints, hair dyes). 



Antidotes: Sulphates (Epsom salts, Glauber's salts, alum), 

 emetics, etc. 

 Corrosive Poisons : 



1) Acids (sulphuric, hydrochloric, nitric). 



Antidotes: Emetics and dilute alkalies, such as lime water, 

 soap solution, tooth powder, chalk, or plaster of wall, followed 

 by demulcents. 



2) Carbolic acid. 



Antidotes: Emetics, water and sulphates (Glauber's or 

 Epsom salts or alum). 



3) Oxalic acid. 



Antidotes: Lime or chalk with stimulants given as needed. 



4) Alkalies (caustic soda, caustic potash, ammonia). 

 Antidotes : Dilute acid, vinegar, hard cider, lemon or orange 



juice, followed by demulcents. 

 Narcotics: 



1) Opium 1 (laudanum, paregoric, morphine, black drops, 

 soothing syrups, cholera mixtures, Dover's powder). 



Antidotes: Solution permanganate of potash, 2 grs. dis- 



1 In opium poisoning, a distinguishing symptom is pin-head con- 

 traction of the pupils of the eyes. 



