156 READINGS IN EVOLUTION, GENETICS, AND EUGENICS 



resemblance to that of man (including even the occasional appear- 

 ance of the projecting point shown in the preceding woodcut). It is 



evident that the folding over 

 of the tip of such an ear, 

 unless it is changed greatly 

 during its further develop- 

 ment, would give rise to a 

 point projecting inwards." 1 



The woodcut on page 157 

 (Fig. 31) serves still further to 

 show vestigial resemblances 

 between the human ear and 

 that of apes. The last two 

 figures illustrate the general 

 resemblance between the nor- 

 mal ear of foetal man and the 

 FIG. 3 o.-Foetus of an orang. Exact ear of an adult orangoutang, 

 copy of a photograph, showing the form of The Other two figures on the 

 ear at this early stage. (From Romanes.) lower line are intended to 



exhibit occasional modifica- 

 tions of the adult human ear, which approximate simian characters 

 somewhat more closely than does the normal type. It will be observed 

 that in their comparatively small lobes these ears resemble those 

 of all the apes; and that while the outer margin of one is not unlike 

 that of the Barbary ape, the outer margin of the other follows those 

 of the chimpanzee and orang. Of course it would be easy to select 

 individual human ears which present either of these characters in a 

 more pronounced degree; but these ears have been chosen as models 

 because they present both characters in conjunction. The upper row 

 of figures likewise shows the close similarity of hair-tracts, and the 

 direction of growth on the part of the hair itself, in cases where the 

 human hair happens to be of an abnormally hirsute character. But 

 this particular instance (which I do not think has been previously 

 noticed) introduces us to the subject of hair, and hair-growth, in 

 general. 



8. Hair. Adult man presents rudimentary hairs over most parts 



of the body. Wallace has sought to draw a refined distinction between 



this vestigial coating and the useful coating of quadrumanous 



animals, in the absence of the former from the human back. But even 



1 Descent of Man (2d ed.), pp. 15-16. 



