330 



RESEARCHES ON FUNGI 



the gluten (Fig. 115, A). The annulus is situated not far below the 



pileus, is glutinous when 

 moist, and sometimes (Fig. 

 114) becomes discoloured 

 with spores which have fallen 

 and lodged upon it. 



There is a general resem- 

 blance in the form of the 

 fruit-bodies of a number of 

 coprophilous fungi which 

 grow on horse dung. Among 

 these may be mentioned : 

 Panaeolus campanulatus, 

 Stropharia semiglobata, Galera 

 tenera, and Coprinus ster- 

 quilinus. In each of these 

 the stipe is much elongated 

 relatively to the breadth of 

 the pileus, thin, and hollow. 

 Moreover, the stipes are 

 usually attached at a low 

 point in the substratum (Fig. 

 114). We seem here to have 

 presented to us an adapta- 

 tion to a coprophilous mode 

 of life. The fruit-bodies 

 arise at the base of dung- 

 balls, so that they become 

 the better attached ; while 

 a relatively long stipe is 

 necessary in order that the 



FIG. 115. Stropharia semiglobata. A fruit- pileus shall be brought Out 

 body obtained from a field near Binning- 

 ham, England. A, shedding spores ; from between the dung-balls 



of gmsT'^aturlTste 11 .' Sh Wing mOttHng and raised Wel1 ab Ve the 



surface of the dung-ball heap. 



The stipes are thin, elastic, and hollow, so that with the least 

 expenditure of material the maximum of rigidity is attained. In 



B 



