ANELLARIA SEPARATA 353 



gills is strongly marked and just as distinct as in Panaeolus cam- 

 panulatus and Stropharia semiglobata. 



The organisation of the hymenium of Anellaria separata was 

 found to be similar to that of Panaeolus campanulatus, so that it is 

 unnecessary to describe it or to illustrate it in all its details. Among 

 the facts yielded by a study of the living gills were the following. 

 On each area of the hymenium the basidia come to maturity in a 

 series of successive generations. Coming-generation basidia on 

 any hymenial area do not develop their spores until the spores of 

 the present generation have been shed. The time elapsing between 

 the discharge of the spores of two successive generations of basidia 

 on the same small hymenial area amounts to several hours. With 

 the horizontal microscope, a single hymenial area of a gill which 

 had been shedding spores for about 24 hours was watched in the 

 manner already described, 1 and it was found that from 10'5 to 11 

 hours elapsed between the spore-discharge of two successive genera- 

 tions of basidia. Unfortunately, the fruit-body observed was not 

 quite normal in its activities, as the proportion of its undischarged 

 to its discharged spores was unusually large. However, notwith- 

 standing the accumulation of wasted spores upon the hymenium, 

 it became sufficiently obvious that the rate of development of each 

 generation of basidia was of the same order as for Panaeolus 

 campanulatus. Paraphyses are present in the hymenium, and 

 they remain living until spore-discharge ceases and the fruit-body 

 collapses. During the gradual exhaustion of the hymenium they 

 grow in size. The shape and distribution of the paraphyses and 

 basidia are similar to those of Panaeolus campanulatus. From the 

 latter fungus Anellaria separata differs in possessing pleurocystidia. 

 These, like those of Stropharia semiglobata, are few in number and 

 scattered at relatively great intervals among the paraphyses and 

 basidia. Each is more or less clavate and terminates in a nipple-like 

 ending which projects slightly above the hymenium. The white 

 margin of a gill, like that of Panaeolus campanulatus or Stropharia 

 semiglobata, is clothed with hair-like cheilocystidia. 



The collapse of the basidia after they have discharged their 

 spores was studied in more detail than in Panaeolus campanulatus. 

 1 Figs. 91 and 92, pp. 261 and 263. 



VOL. II. 2 A 



