440 



RESEARCHES ON FUNGI 



are future-generations basidia, while nos. 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 

 from their size, position, and contents appear to be paraphyses. 



fcn 



c... 



FIG. 149. Psalliota campestris (wild form). Cross- 

 section of a living gill of a just expanded fruit-body, 

 drawn with the camera lucida. The spores on 

 basidium No. 1 were bent out of their normal positions 

 and have been adjusted serni-diagrammatically. 

 To show (1) paraphyses, and (2) relations of hymenium 

 and subhymenium. h, the hymenium ; .9, the 

 subhymenium ; t, part of the trama. Nos. 1, 2, 

 and 3, present-generation basidia. Nos. 4, 5, and 

 6, coming-generation basidia. Nos. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 

 and 12, basidia of future generations. Nos. 13, 14, 

 15, 16, and 17, paraphyses. From the uppermost 

 layer of the subhymenium, cells I, II, III, IV, and 

 V, arise paraphyses or occasionally, as from cell 1, 

 a basidium ; from the second layer, cells VI, VII, 

 VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, and XIII, arise either basidia 

 or cells supporting paraphyses, or occasionally, as 

 from cell XI, a paraphysis ; from the lowest layer, 

 cells XIV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, and XIX, arise 

 sometimes a basidium as at XVIII or, more fre- 

 quently, cells of the second layer of the subhymenium. 

 Magnification, 1,040. 



The subhymenium can be divided roughly into three layers. The 

 highest layer, cells nos. I, II, III, IV, and V, chiefly give rise to 

 paraphyses ; from the second layer, ceUs VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, 

 XII, and XIII, arise occasionally a paraphysis as from no. XI, 



