NORTH AMERICAN ACRIDIID^E. 17 



Hygrophilous Phytophiles. Of the hygrophilous group, men- 

 tion should be made of Orphulella olivacea, a species of wide range 

 along the sea-board, recorded from Darien and the Bermudas, and 

 known in the United States from Connecticut, New Jersey, Maryland, 

 Georgia, and western Florida. It is the only halophilous locust of 

 the Eastern States, being restricted to salt-marshes and the vegetation 

 bordering brackish waters. Near Fort Barrancas, Fla., it frequents 

 the " spear-grass " {Juncus) fringing the inlets, and is often accom- 

 panied by Paroxya atlantica and P. ftoridiana. (See PI. 4. Fig. 2.) 



The two species of Paroxya just mentioned are also typical 

 hygrophiles, the former not uncommon in grassy swamps of the 

 Gulf region, the latter widely distributed in swampy stations in both 

 Upper and Lower Austral zones of the Eastern States, even far in- 

 land, and often accompanied by Tryxalis brevicornis. Leptysma 

 marginicollis, also, is a common and widespread species which fre- 

 quents the erect growth of rushes and sedges which so commonly 

 margin the shores of fresh-water ponds and swampy pools. In 

 meadows and moist fields of the Transition and Canadian zones 

 Stenobothrus curtipennis finds a congenial home, often occurring in 

 countless numbers. In the damper portions of Coastal Plain local- 

 ities, where all topographic features are in low relief, and especially 

 where campestral conditions are mixed with sylvan in the shape of 

 tangled thickets of undershrubs and interlacing herbage (PI. 5, Fig. 2), 

 Gymnostirtetes pusillus, Aptenopedes sphenarioides, Eotettix pusillus, 

 E. palustris, and others are to be found, playing at hide and seek, 

 as it were, among the rushes, white-tufted cotton-grass, yellow- 

 flowered Xyris, pink Sabbatia, and tall Sarracenias. These species 

 may with equal or even greater propriety be placed in the sylvan 

 group, owing to the labyrinthine character of this environment and 

 their adaptation thereto, as we shall see later. 



Sylvan Phytophiles. Of this group numerous representatives 

 occur in the Southeastern States, as would naturally be expected 

 from the wide extent of the forest and thicket covering character- 

 istic of the humid climate. These will be considered at some length 

 under the next topic and in a general comparison of the campestral 

 and sylvan groups. 



MOUNTAIN HABITATS. 



Among the mountains of the southeastern United States cam- 

 pestral environments are largely replaced by sylvan in consequence 

 of the humidity of the climate ; they are, however, represented by 



