104 SCHOOL AND HOME GARDENS 



leaves or a coating of coarse manure. With the exception 

 of some fine material, the covering must be removed in 

 the spring when it is time for the earliest flowers to 

 appear. 



Plants that have a tendency to form clumps when 

 they are permitted to stand in the same place from year 

 to year must be taken up early in the spring and sepa- 

 rated. The strongest may then be planted where they 

 are needed. Weak plants must be removed from the 

 border each spring, so that they may be replaced with 

 stronger ones. Places that have been occupied with dis- 

 eased plants should be filled with other varieties that 

 are not subject to the attack of the disease. 



If the border also contains shrubs, all dead wood must 

 be removed in the spring. Shrubs that have a tendency 

 to spread must be limited to their share of the border. 

 The plants must be protected from the ravages of insects 

 by spraying with lead arsenate, Paris green, or kerosene 

 emulsion. Against leaf diseases use Bordeaux mixture. 



