NEEDS OF RESEARCH 63 



the world. In the newer universities of England, in 

 Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool, London, and so on, 

 there is at least an honest attempt being made to 

 make them real homes of research. In Scotland, 

 the country to which Mr Carnegie, in 1901, gave a 

 million pounds for this very object, the money has 

 been largely diverted from that purpose, and routine 

 teaching is yearly absorbing a larger part of it. 



To sum up, scientific research is capable of raising 

 the general standard of life, without limit, by the 

 solution it affords of the material and physical 

 problems that prevent progress. But for it to do 

 so, it must no longer be treated as a hobby or part- 

 time occupation of the leisure hours of busy teachers, 

 engaged in catering for the needs of the multitude in 

 education, but as a serious business distinct alto- 

 gether from teaching, perhaps the most serious and 

 momentous of all the manifold activities of the State. 

 For from it flows the knowledge of Nature, upon 

 which every advance that governs the material 

 prosperity of the nation depends, which the inventors, 

 technologists, engineers and medical men apply to 

 useful purposes, and which, through them, makes all 

 the difference between unemployment and prosperity, 

 disease and health, retrogression and progress, and 

 lastly, which, in time of war, is as necessary to the 

 defence of the realm as the courage of brave deeds 

 and the endurance of stout hearts. In its highest 

 and most fruitful forms scientific research needs that 

 same overpowering and divine passion for truth, 

 that horror of, and detestation for, even the shadow 

 of a lie, which is the common necessary antecedent 

 of all forms of creative work. But it needs labora- 

 tories and special homes for its successful prosecution, 

 freedom from interruption and distraction, and a life- 

 time's devotion all of these, always as it progresses, 

 more and more. It is, if only for these reasons, more 



