178 TO THE NEW LAUNCH 



small, more than doubled the amount of tuition 

 to be undertaken, it is to the juniors very largely 

 indeed that science students owe the, in many cases, 

 really excellent courses, especially in practical work, 

 that have been provided. In my own subject, from 

 a knowledge of two Scottish Universities, I can 

 say that when I was a student there was nothing- 

 then to approach it in thoroughness, and it can be 

 compared without hesitation to what is done, so 

 far as systematic training is concerned, anywhere. 

 The juniors have seen the needs and tried to meet 

 them, until sometimes their whole time and energy 

 has been absorbed in carrying on in a single depart- 

 ment the work that in former days would have 

 been spread among a whole faculty of professors. 

 Whether you take as the criterion duties and 

 responsibilities, or the national indispensableness 

 of the training, or the contribution of the subject 

 to the highest realms of philosophy and inspiration, 

 a subject such as chemistry, in any university 

 attempting to keep abreast of its work, should be 

 represented not miserably by one professorship, 

 but adequately by three or four. Research, worth 

 the name, is a practical impossibility, and it is idle 

 to pretend that a teacher can teach others to 

 research, if he is not carrying on research himself, 

 or indeed can teach first-class students at all for 

 long very much better than they themselves could 

 learn from books. 



Of the income of the million pounds given by 

 Carnegie to the Scottish Universities, with the 

 primary object of promoting scientific study and 

 research, up to 1915, 14 per cent, has been spent 

 on research of all kinds, including historical, lin- 

 guistic, and economic subjects. Twice as much has 

 been saved, and the loss on the money saved, 

 occasioned by the depreciation of British investments 



