THE FOREST NURSERY 281 



safely stand 2 or 3 times as close in the seedbeds the first year 

 as they can the second. When they remain through the third 

 year they should have from 2 to 4 times the space of 2-year 

 seedlings. 



In general, when the seedlings are transferred direct to the 

 plantation they should have twice the space in the seedbed as 

 when grown for transplanting; hence but one-half the quantity 

 of seed should be used. 



19. QUANTITY OF SEED PER UNIT OF AREA IN DRILL SEEDING. 

 From one-half to one-third as much seed is used in drill seeding 

 as in broadcast seeding. Schlich l recommends from one-half to 

 one-fourth as much. For European practice, Mayr advocates the 

 following amount of seed for 100 feet of drill: 2 



Oz. 



Spruce, Scotch pine, and black pine 10.8 



Larch and white pine 32 . 4 



Fir and stone pine 54 . 



This density, however, should be used only when the plants re- 

 main in the seedbed but 2 years and are then transferred to the 

 transplant bed. When the seedlings remain in the seedbed until 

 planted out less density is essential. 



The tendency in the United States has been toward a gradual 

 increase in the quantity of seed for a unit of area, due to a closer 

 spacing of the drills as well as an increase in the amount of seed 

 used per linear foot. Thus in drill-seeding Douglas fir at the 

 Wasatch nursery in 1906 only one pound of seed was used to 558 

 square feet of seedbed, while in 1911 one pound of seed was used 

 to 51 square feet of seedbed with a resulting increase of seedlings 

 per square foot from 25 to 146. 



Gayer 3 recommends the following amount of seed per 100 square 

 feet of seedbed when broadleaved species are sown in drills: 



Oak and chestnut 1.6 qts. 



Beech 4. 16 qts. 



Ash and maple 0.3 Ib. 



Elm 0.23 Ib. 



Alder 0.36 Ib. 



Birch 0.41 Ib. 



1 Schlich, Wm. : Manual of forestry. 4th ed., vol. II, p. 210. London, 1910. 



2 Mayr, Heinrich: Waldbau auf naturgesetzlicher Grundlage. S. 400 

 Berlin, 1909. 



3 Gayer, Karl: Der Waldbau. 4. Aufl., S. 345. Berlin, 1898. 



