428 



SEEDING AND PLANTING 



14. HOLE PLANTING WITH THE CYLINDRICAL SPADE. On soils 

 sufficiently free from stones and roots the planting hole is some- 

 times made with the cylindrical spade (Fig. 112). This spade is 

 used chiefly in planting long-rooted, deciduous species with weak 

 lateral roots. The tool is thrust vertically into the soil and on its 

 removal a column of earth from 3 to 5 inches in diameter and from 

 8 to 10 inches in depth is removed with it. In inserting the spade 



for the second hole, the column of 

 soil from the first hole is ejected 

 at the top and becomes the filling 

 soil for the second hole. As the 

 holes are narrow and correspond- 

 ingly deep, special attention 

 must be given to refilling them. 

 As the soil is piled close to the 

 hole the best of it can be brought 

 into contact with the roots as the 

 tree is planted. A 2-man unit 

 is employed in this method of 

 planting. One workman digs the 

 hole and a second man follows 

 the digger, setting the tree by 

 holding it with the left hand at 

 the desired depth in the center 

 of the hole and filling in the soil 

 about the roots with the other 

 hand. This method of planting 

 can be used only on loose loam or 

 sand free from stones and roots. 



From 400 to 600 coniferous trans- 



FIG. 130. Types of spades used in 

 hole planting. 



a. Stock spade with short handle. 



b. Heavy spade with reenforced plants (2-1) can be planted by 

 handle. each workman in a day. 



c. Planting spade of German origin. lg HQLE p LANTING WITH THE 



ORDINARY SPADE. Under suitable conditions of soil and cover the 

 ordinary short-handled or long-handled spade can be used advan- 

 tageously in hole planting. When the planting stock is large and 

 the roots long a deep hole is necessary. When the hole is made 

 with the grub-hoe or mattock an excessive amount of soil must be 

 removed in order that it may have sufficient depth. This can be 

 obviated by digging the hole with the spade (Fig. 130). 



