APPENDIX I 247 



of the regiments not engaged in action were employed, there 

 must have been sufficient medical attendance. 



The great difficulty seemed to be the want of transport. The 

 araba waggons of the country were a miserable means of con- 

 veyance for sick and wounded; inconvenient to sit or lie in, 

 jolting, and very slow. 



The sailors rendered great service in carrying the wounded 

 down to the beach, in hammocks slung on oars. A few 

 ambulance waggons would have been an immense assistance, 

 and saved very much suffering, as we afterwards found at 

 Inkerman. 



The French arrangements for carrying the sick and their field 

 hospitals were far superior to ours. 



When we had been about a fortnight before Sebastopol the 

 ambulance waggons were landed. There were two attached to 

 each division (an insufficient number). They were rather too 

 heavy for the country, but did good service till about the middle 

 of November, when the mules died. After then we had to 

 depend on the commissariat waggons and the French mules to 

 take our sick down to Balaclava. (The pth of December was 

 the first day on which I saw the latter so employed.) 



The number of men sent down was not dependent on the 

 number of cases that required removal, but on the means of 

 transport. The staff-surgeon of the division would say that so 

 many men could be taken on such a day, and so we had to pick 

 out the worst cases. 



During the time we were on the heights before Sebastopol 

 we had a marquee, also a number of bell-tents; these afforded 

 very insufficient shelter, as it was impossible to keep the doors 

 closed or the edge of the canvas close to the ground. The rain 

 came through them. Though my tent was a new one, the rain 

 always came through the side on which the wind blew. The 

 bottom of the tents was covered with mud, nearly ankle-deep in 

 some. The men had nothing to lie on or cover them but the 

 blanket and great-coat ; these were in a very filthy and dilapidated 

 condition, and generally wet through, as the men usually came 

 to hospital directly after a night's work in the trenches, and there 

 was no means of drying or cleaning them. The men lay on the 



