THE ^STIVALIS GRAPES 113 



Strong, tall -climbing vine, with medium -short internodes, 

 thick diaphragms, and often pubescent petioles : leaves mostly 

 large, thinnish at first but becoming rather thick, ovate- 

 cordate to round-cordate in outline, the sinus either deep 

 (the basal lobes often overlapping) or broad and open, the 

 limb always lobed or prominently angled, the lobes either 

 3 or 5, in the latter case the lobal sinuses usually enlarged 

 and rounded at the extremity, the apex of the leaf broadly 

 and often obtusely triangular, the upper surface dull and 

 becoming glabrous and the under surface retaining a cover- 

 ing of copious rusty or red -brown pubescence which clings 

 to the veins and draws together in many small tufty masses: 

 stamens in fertile flowers reflexed and laterally bent: clus- 

 ters mostly long and long-peduncled, not greatly branched 

 or even nearly simple (mostly interrupted when in flower), 

 bearing small (%-inch or less in diameter), black, glaucous 

 berries, which have a tough skin, and a pulp ranging from 

 dryish and astringent to juicy and sweet; seeds medium size 

 (%-inch or less long), two to four. Chemung county, New 

 York, and Long Island to central Florida, and westward 

 through S. Pennsylvania to the Mississippi and Missouri. A 

 marked type among American grapes, being readily dis- 

 tinguished from other species by the reddish fuzz of the 

 under sides of the leaves. Most of the tomentose-leaved 

 species have been at one time or another confounded with 

 it, but when allowed to stand by itself, it is not a difficult 

 species to understand. Vitis cestivalis has given rise to more 

 cultivated varieties than any other species except V. La- 

 brusca (see page 81). Michaux's original specimens are well 

 preserved in Paris, and they have been properly understood 

 by American botanists. (See Fig. 16, page 82.) 



Far. glauca, Bailey. Leaves (and mature wood) glaucous-blue 

 on the body beneath, but the veins rusty : berries and seeds 

 larger. S. W. Missouri to N. Texas. Much like V. bicolor, 

 but leaves thicker and more pubescent below, and tips of 

 shoots rusty-tomentose. 



Far. Linsecomii, Munson. (Post-oak, Pine-wood, or Turkey 

 Grape.) More stocky than V. cestivalis, climbing high upon 

 trees but forming a bushy clump when not finding support: 



