114 THE EVOLUTION OF OUR NATIVE FRUITS 



leaves densely tomentose or velvety below: berries large 

 (X- to %-inch in diameter), black and glaucous, mostly 

 palatable ; seeds mostly much larger than in V. cestivalis 

 (often %-inch long). High post-oak (Quercus stellata) lands, 

 S. W. Missouri to N. Texas and E. Louisiana. Very likely 

 derived from the sestivalis type through adaptation to dry 

 soils and climates. Perhaps worth recognition as a geo- 

 graphical species. Of great promise to the cultivator. 

 Far. Bourquiniana, Bailey. A domestic offshoot, represented 

 in such cultivated varieties as Herbemont and Le Noir, dif- 

 fering from V. cestivalis in its mostly thinner leaves, which 

 (like the young shoots) are only slightly red-brown below, 

 the pubescence mostly cinereous or dun-colored or the under 

 surface sometimes blue-green: berries large and juicy, black 

 or amber- colored. A mixed type, some of it probably a 

 direct amelioration of V. cestivalis, and some hybridized with 

 the wine-grape ( V. vinifera). Much cultivated South, and 

 the parent of many excellent varieties (see page 81), which 

 Munson (Texas Farm and Ranch, Feb. 8, 1896) arranges in 

 two sections, the Herbemonts and the Devereuxs. 



Vitis tricolor, LeConte. (Blue Grape, or Summer Grape of the 

 North.) A strong, high-climbing vine, with mostly long 

 internodes and thick diaphragms, the young growth and 

 canes generally perfectly glabrous and mostly (but not 

 always) glaucous-blue, tendrils and petioles very long : 

 leaves large, round-cordate-ovate in outline, glabrous and 

 dull above and very heavily glaucous -blue below, but losing 

 the bloom and becoming dull green very late in the season, 

 those on the young growth deeply 3-5-lobed, and on the 

 older growths shallowly 3-lobed, the basal sinus running 

 from deep to shallow, the margins mostly shallow-toothed 

 or sinuate -toothed (at least not so prominently notch-toothed 

 as in V. cestivalis): cluster mostly long and nearly simple 

 (sometimes forked), generally with a long or prominent 

 peduncle: the purple and densely glaucous berries of me- 

 dium size (%-inch or less in diameter), sour but pleasant- 

 tasted when ripe (just before frost); seeds rather small. 

 Abundant northwards along streams and on banks, there 

 taking the place of V. cestivalis. Ranges from New York 



