SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES. 87 



him is from 7 to 19 p in length, and perhaps /* in 

 breadth (Fig. 65) . Long forms may be met with, up to 

 100 fj. (i20fi, Popovitch). It multiplies by transverse 

 division (see Fig. 29), usually binary, but it is possible 

 that multiple fission may at times occur. It usually 

 stains homogeneously throughout, with the exception 

 that the ends take the dye rather more faintly. Termi- 

 nal appendages or flagella may be present. It has no 

 undulating membrane or lateral flagella. 

 Tangled masses of spirochsetes may at times 

 be seen, or two or more individuals twisted 

 together. Granules are occasionally visible 

 in the length of the organism, and monili- 

 form degeneration occurs (see Fig. 27). Cox 

 found spirochsetes inside the blood-corpuscles, 

 where they broke up into sections and finally 

 into granules. 



Norris, Pappenheimer and Flournoy state spirochaeta 

 that they cultivated these spirochsetes in ( r |p U1T ober? 

 citrated blood. The spirochaetes can be kept meieri). 



i- f e i *. -j A i (Schellack.) 



alive for as many as forty days outside the 

 body (Novy and Knapp) , but multiplication under such 

 conditions is doubtful. Destructive (spirillicidal) and 

 agglutinating bodies are formed in the blood of im- 

 munised animals, and passive immunity is conferred 

 by injection of their serum. Apes, rats and mice can 

 be infected with these organisms, but not rabbits, sheep, 

 goats, fowls or pigeons (Fraenkel) . 



Fuchsine, gentian violet, Giemsa's stain and Levaditi's 

 silver method may be used for staining Sp. obermeieri. 



It is said that infection with relapsing fever may be 

 carried by the air. The bites of insects have also been 

 assigned as a means of conveyance of the disease. 

 Klodnitsky describes a development of the spirochaetes 

 into long filaments within the bodies of bugs; but 



