SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES. QI 



and diarrhoea. The bird sits apathetic and will not 

 eat. The joints of the feet are so tender that the slight- 

 est handling of them causes cries of pain. The disease 

 is a septicaemia, masses of spirochaetes being found in 

 the blood. According to Sacharoff geese and ducks 

 are the only birds susceptible, the incubation period of 

 the malady being two days. The blood of the infected 

 bird is spirochaeticidal, and immunity 

 is produced in this way, not by 

 phagocytosis (Gabritchewsky) . 

 Sacharoff, however, saw spirochaetes 

 inside leucocytes. Gabritchewsky 

 injected a horse with the infected 

 blood and obtained a preventive and 



Curative serum. for comparison. 



Cantacuzene holds that bacterioly- ( Sacharo -) 

 sis and agglutination, in the case of these spirochaetes, 

 are phenomena which only occur in vitro, and states 

 that destruction of the organisms takes place by 

 phagocytosis in the spleen. 



The spirochaete (Fig. 68) is from 10 to 30 /* long and 

 thinner than Sp. obermeieri. It multiplies by transverse 

 division. A somewhat curious formation is depicted 

 by Cantacuzene in organisms which are dividing, viz., 

 the appearance of a faint rounded nodule in the centre 

 at the point of division. 



Borrel believes that Sp. anserina is the same as Sp. 

 gallinarum, but this is not consistent with SacharofFs 

 statement that only ducks and geese are susceptible to 

 the former. 



SPIROCH-fETA GALLINARUM. 



(Marchoux and Salimbeni, 1903.) 



According to Prowazek these spirochaetes have 

 flattened bodies, terminal processes, and an undulating 



