SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES. IOQ 



are obliterated, and straight and other atypical forms 

 are seen (Schaudinn). Such irregular forms are com- 

 mon in "cultures" (Levaditi and Macintosh, Schere- 

 schewsky) . They may closely resemble Sp. refringens. 

 In movement the long slender organ- 

 isms may become short and plump 

 (Krzystalowicz and Siedlecki). 

 Forked forms of Sp. pallida are found 



and also specimens showing apparently 



. ... f, , , , , ' T , y FIG. 86. Spiro- 

 two individuals twisted together ; from chseta pallida in 



these appearances a longitudinal mode 

 of division has been inferred, but Leva- 

 diti states that division is transverse. Refringent 

 granules may be seen in the length of the organism, and 

 also terminally placed. 



The spirochaete is easily found by mixing a loopful of 

 secretion from a syphilitic sore with a drop of distilled 

 water on a slide, dropping on a cover-slip, and observing 



FIG. 87. Spirochseta pallida in leucocytes. (Gierke.) 



in the "dark field" (see p. 66). Smears from such a 

 sore may be fixed in osmic vapour and stained with 

 Giemsa's reagent, or fixed and stained simultaneously 

 with this fluid (see plate, Fig. A) . 



In the body the spirochastes lie chiefly between the 

 cells in the lymphatic spaces, in lymphatic vessels and 

 glands, and in the blood. Occasionally they become 

 intracellular (Figs. 86, 87). The appearance of the 

 organisms in the liver of a syphilitic foetus, when stained 



