OVULES. 279 



not come into general use. This ovule is characteristic of 

 Polygonaceae, the proper Urticaceas, Cistacese, &c. 



522. Campylotropous (Fig. 583, 586) is the name of the ovule 7 

 which in the course of its growth is curved on itself so as to 

 bring the orifice or true apex down close to the base, here both 

 chalaza and hilum. This and the orthotropous ovule begin 

 their development on the placenta in the same way, but the 

 Campylotropous develops unequal!}-, one side enlarging much 

 more than the other, especially at the base, until the ovule 

 becomes reniform, and chalaza and orifice are brought into 

 close proximity. Campylotropous ovules are characteristic of 

 Cruciferae, Capparidaceae, Resedacese, Caryophyllaceae, and 

 Chenopodiaceae. 



523. Amphitropous (Fig. 584, 587), also termed Heterotropous 

 and sometimes Half-anatropous, is between the preceding and 

 the following ; and it passes in various instances either into the 

 one or into the other. The body of the ovule is straight o- 

 straightish, but it stands as it were transversely or at right 

 angles to the funiculus and hilum ; and it is fixed by the middle, 

 the chalaza at one end, the orifice at the other. An apparent, 

 continuation of the funiculus, adherent to the outer coat, extends 

 from the hilum to the chalaza. Compared with the preceding 

 form, the explanation is, that the unequal development at its 

 formation is confined to the basal half, and the axis remains 

 straight, while the whole is half inverted by the very unequal 

 growth. Compared with the next form, the inversion is less 

 and the later growth or extension of the apical portion greater. 

 The amphitropous ovule is characteristic of Primulacese, and 

 is common in Leguminosae. 



524. Anatropous (Fig. 588, also 579, 581, 597) is the name 

 of far the commonest species of ovule, that in which the organ, 

 under the course of its growth, is quite inverted on its base ; so 

 that, instead of standing at right angles with the funiculus, it is 

 parallel with it, or rather with the apparent continuation of 

 it, which is adherent to its surface as a sort of ridge or cord 

 extending along the whole length of the ovule, from hilum to 

 chalaza. The latter occupies the seeming apex of the seed ; 

 and the organic apex or orifice is at the other end, close beside , 

 the hilum. At maturity, the ovule is straight, but not wholly 

 symmetrical, the attachment being oblique or somewhat lateral, 

 and the ridge or cord on that side not rarely prominent. 



525. The cord or ridge, which extends along the whole length 

 of the anatropous ovule, and for half its length in the amphi- 

 tropous (Fig. 588, 587, r), is named the RHAPHE. This is not 



