L'O 



surface of the branch a much more dense appearance thai 

 the lower surface. Average length of the leaf % inch; four 

 angled, sharply pointed at tip, with stripes of white dots on 

 each of the four sides. The bruised leaves have a pungent, 

 aromatic, slightly disagreeable odor. Cones generally termi- 



BLACK SPRUCE 



nal on the smaller twigs, when fully developed averaging 1% 

 inches long by % inch broad, generally ovate cylindrical 

 when opened. Scales with thin and more or less rounded 

 margins, the middle of the margin being commonly truncate 

 and generally entire. Seeds rather small ; length with wing 

 being but % inch ; width of wing % inch. 



