216 A STUDY OF FARM ANIMALS 



The saddle extends over the back just behind the withers, 

 on the top of which are two rings, through which the driving 

 lines pass from the ends of the bits to the driver behind. 

 The saddle, which crosses the back, is held in place by several 

 pieces. The checkrein may slip over a hook at the saddle 

 top. From the rear there extends a backstrap along over 

 the spine to the center point between the hips, where another 

 strap called the crupper is buckled, which passes under the 

 tail. Thus we have a 'continuous line from mouth to root of 

 tail, which assists in keeping the harness in place. The 

 lower part of the saddle has its ends connected by means of 

 a belly band, so that it may be held securely in place. A 

 breeching piece which extends around back of the hind 

 quarters, is supported in place by straps, the upper ends of 

 which are attached to the backstrap at a point between the 

 hips. There are many styles of harnesses and methods of 

 harnessing; but, no matter what the style, it is of first 

 importance that the harness fit right in all its parts, and 

 that the horse or mule wearing it be made comfortable in 

 its adjustment. 



IN CARING FOR HORSES 



1. How much regularity should be observed? 



2. What is the effect of grooming? 



3. When is clipping resorted to, and why? 



4. How does a blanket affect the hair? 



5. What should be done to prevent thrush? 



6. Explain how you would treat a wound. 



7. What attention should be given to stable temperature? 



8. How should the colt be trained to use of the harness? 



9. At what age should colts be compelled to do hard work? 



10. What attention should be given to fit of the collar? 



INTERVIEW SOME MEN ON THE CARE OF THEIR HORSES 



11. How generally is regular grooming resorted to? 



12. Is winter blanketing universal in your neighborhood? 



13. Is the care of the foot left to the blacksmith alone? 



14. What is commonly used for treating sores or wounds? 



15. Are absorbents or disinfectants used in the stable? 



16. How are colts "broken-in" by most horsemen? 



17. What kind of bits are common, (a) for harness horses, (b) for draft 



horses? 



