268 A STUDY OF FARM ANIMALS 



using should be thoroughly sterilized, and the ends of the 

 teats cleaned and disinfected. Care should be taken not to 

 pump too great a pressure of air in the udder. "To prevent 

 escape of the air," writes Dr. Hadley, "the end of the teat is 

 repeatedly pushed into itself until it stays of its own accord." 

 Other veterinarians recommend tying strips of muslin or 

 tape around the ends of the teats to prevent escape of the 

 air. If recovery does not become apparent within four or 

 five hours, the treatment should be repeated. 



WHAT EFFECT HAVE THE FOLLOWING INFLUENCES ON BEEF 

 PRODUCTION? 



1. Type, (a) In making gains. 



(b) In production of high priced cuts. 



(c) In selling values. 



2. Breed. What have feeding experiments shown? 



3. Age. (a) Gains in weight. 



(b) Cost of production. 



4. Quality, and its relationship to values. 



5. Shelter, (a) Comparing breeds. 



(b) Types of shelter. 



6. The self-feeder. 



7. The paved feed lots compared with the dirt lot. 



8. The margin; what is it, how affected. 



9. Tuberculosis and lump jaw. 



SUGGESTED OBSERVATIONS ON BEEF MAKING 



10. The type of cattle fed in your neighborhood. 



11. The popular ages in feed lots. 



12. The kind of shelters provided. 



13. The use of the self-feeder. 



