274 A STUDY OF FARM ANIMALS 



quarters in New York City, is the official national promoter 

 of the breed. Activity in promoting Jerseys is shown in that 

 up to May, 1921, there were organized 167 state and local 

 Jersey clubs, 70 bull clubs, and 61 calf clubs. 



The Holstein-Friesian breed of cattle came originally 

 from Holland. Here the people have kept dairy cows for 

 centuries. The country is very low, much of it lying below 

 sea level, the water being held back by dykes. There are 

 many meadows that are separated by canals. On long, 

 narrow strips of pasture, with water on each side, one sees 

 beautiful herds of black and white cattle, a most common 



Figure. 109. The Kuperus herd and barn near Leuwarden, Holland. Photo- 

 graph by the author. 



summer sight in Holland. We do not know the origin of 

 these cattle. They are perhaps descended from the Giant 

 Ox. The present cattle are usually black and white, though 

 red and white rarely occur. Cattle were brought to America 

 from Holland by the early Dutch settlers of New York and 

 vicinity. In 1795 the Holland Land Company sent some 

 cattle to central New York. Later on, Dutch cattle were 

 taken to Vermont and other eastern states. Along in the 

 middle and later part of the last century many were imported 



