DISEASES AND AILMENTS OF POULTRY 529 



the bird mopes or sits around with tail and head down, giv- 

 ing a so-called 'ball' appearance, the comb is dark, the gait 

 swaying, and there is trembling, convulsions, thirst, and 

 severe diarrhea, with passages of a greenish-yellow color. 

 There is high fever and the bird rapidly becomes emaciated." 

 Post mortem shows enlargements of liver, spleen and kid- 

 neys, and unnatural dark color of these organs. The intes- 

 tines are also inflamed, and may show hemorrhage. 



Preventive measures against cholera require absolute 

 cleanliness, and the liberal use of disinfectants. Dr. Kaupp 

 reports that inoculating with vaccine made from germs 

 producing the disease has given excellent results.* 



Treatment of birds sick with cholera is not generally 

 satisfactory, especially if the cases are bad, the best plan 

 being to kill and burn the carcass. Sick birds should be 

 isolated from the flock. It is a good plan to give the fowls 

 antiseptic water, consisting of one teaspoonful of hydro- 

 chloric acid in a quart of water, to which is also added 1 per 

 cent of copper sulphate and potassium permanganate. 



Chicken pox is very closely related to roup, excepting 

 that the face and comb are affected with scabby excrescences 

 from the size of a pinhead to a pea. The same treatment 

 should be given as for roup, and the affected parts should be 

 bathed with antiseptics. 



White diarrhea is a bacterial disease of an infectious nature 

 that affects chicks at from one to four days of age. The 

 disease may come from an infected egg, or from other flocks. 

 The symptoms of the disease usually appear before the 

 chicks are ten days old. The chicks appear "droopy," do 

 not eat well, the wings hang low, there is general weakness, 

 the birds peep constantly, and a loose, somewhat sticky dis- 

 charge comes from the bowels, which more or less pastes up 

 the vent. A dead chick will appear very bloodless and thin, 

 with crop and intestines empty or containing slimy material. 

 There is no cure for this disease. It is of the first importance 



*Poultry Diseases and Their Treatment, 1914. 



