x. SYMBIOGENESIS 



from the evolutionary process primarily and chiefly due to symbiogenesis 

 Criterion of advance. 



CHAPTER V. 

 PATHOGENESIS. 



Disease and the defences of the body Lessons from Anaphylaxis 

 or serum-disease ("the opposite condition of protection") Universal 

 reaction (with acute pathological symptoms) against the injection of 

 sera as also against the introduction into the organism of certain food 

 substances Tuberculosis and anaphylaxis Anaphylaxis and Albumi- 

 nuria and Arterio-Sclerosis Doubtful use of Tuberculin The in- 

 feeding diathesis Anaphylaxis and heredity Anaphylaxis and resist- 

 ance to disease "Bleeding" not a physiological but a pathological 

 method which weakens resistance Red and white corpuscles Leading 

 principles of anaphylaxis examined Significance of " incubation " 

 period, specificity and intensity of symptoms in anaphylaxis Special 

 physiological investigation needed in each case Violent reaction and 

 elimination (symbiotic "elan") when limit of defensive neutralisation 

 of poison is reached This prevents further retrogressive adaptation, 

 though at expense of vitality Frequently, however, "infection" leads 

 to gradual degeneration Biological instance in the case of the crab 

 infected with a parasite (Sacculina) Anaphylaxis affects the central 

 nervous system Comparison of anaphylactic symptoms with those of 

 alkaloid poisoning General ill-effects of unsuitable substances intro- 

 duced into the blood Violation of the laws of albumin metabolism 

 Results Soil more important than germ Dangers of "sensi- 

 tising" animals Intolerance of the body to the disarrangement of its 

 tissues Meaning thereof The law governing the proportions and proper 

 relations of tissue growth Further meaning of the incubation period in 

 anaphylaxis Disease and "immunity" produced by the same evil 

 Explanation thereof Symbiogenesis as a guarantee against pathogenetic 

 possibilities Need of recognition of the principle that the adequacy of 

 all substances for assimilative and therapeutic purposes rests upon a 

 symbiotic basis The anaphylactic shock a supreme effort at salvation by 

 means of violent elimination Parallels of elimination with Mendelian 

 segregation Formation of the "alloy" apotoxin Nervous "intoxica- 

 tion " in anaphylaxis and subsequent crisis The defensive symbiotic 

 "elan" Suppression of nervous "intoxication" by anaesthetics is a 

 suppression of symptoms and not a cure The blood being toxic after 

 injection becomes powerless to maintain the life of the nerve-cells 

 Serum disease In-feeding a predisposing cause of serum disease Man 

 extremely sensitive to the anaphylactic reaction Intravenous second 



