BIO-DYNAMICS 97 



biological analysis. As it is we must marvel at his profound 

 insight which allowed him to give so nearly accurate a place 

 to a number of potent and pertinent biological factors. He 

 states that : 



It is clear that for an equally efficient maintenance of their nutri- 

 tion the parts of a large mass must have a more elaborate propelling 

 and conducting apparatus, and that in proportion as these parts undergo 

 greater waste, a yet higher development of the vascular system is neces- 

 sitated. 



In plants the 



Formation of a core of regularly-arranged woody fibres is an advance 

 of organisation. 



Throughout the animal kingdom this connection of phenomena is 

 manifest. To obtain materials for growth, to avoid injuries which 

 interfere with growth, and to escape those enemies which bring growth 

 to a sudden end implies, in the organism, the means of fitting its move- 

 ments to meet numerous external co-existences and sequences implies 

 such various structural arrangements as shall make possible these vari- 

 ously-adapted actions. It cannot be questioned that, everything else 

 remaining constant, a more complex animal, capable of adjusting its 

 conduct to a greater number of surrounding contingencies, will be the 

 better able to secure food and evade damage, and so to increase bulk. 

 And, evidently, without any qualification, we may say that a large 

 animal, living under such complex conditions of existence as everywhere 

 obtain, is not possible without comparatively high organisation. 



As soon as we supplement this by the necessary bio- 

 economic inferences, we thus see that the dependence of growth 

 on organisation becomes much more evident, and, what is more, 

 that, indeed, all developments of importance form and 

 evolution itself ultimately depend on work. 



A more elaborate propelling and conducting apparatus is 

 able to support a stronger skeleton, and this, in turn, can 

 perform greater economic services, better work of all kinds, 

 the results of which are exchangeable as in international trade. 

 Woody fibres resulting from increased domestic work of the 

 plant are, in turn, of immense bio-economic use, and, in 

 general, the activities of a tree rich in regularly arranged 

 woody fibres and with an elaborate vascular system are of 

 enormous bio-economic importance. Further, and as we have 



