402 SYMBIOGENESIS 



And thus we have found indeed much justification for 

 Butler's remark that as soon as the world began to busy itself 

 with evolution it said good-bye to common-sense. In the case 

 of Darwinism, the ensuing uncommon sense has actually 

 succeeded in rendering it plausible that parasites, though 

 perhaps "otiose," yet represented the "fittest." (Could any 

 theory have well been devised more calculated to encourage 

 indulgence, selfishness, callousness and disregard or 

 indifference as regards moral, not to speak of bio-moral, i.e., 

 cosmic, obligations?) 



No wonder men like Virchow pathologist and democrat 

 objected to the teaching of Darwinism in the State schools, 

 and to the clandestine poison it has unfortunately to offer 

 along with much that must pass as true and beautiful. 



How much more have education and democracy to this day 

 to gain from poor and ill-famed Jean Jacques sincere friend 

 and emancipator of the people ! Rousseau der aus Christen 

 Menschen wirbt! (Schiller). 



In the Emile he anticipates the great value of hygiene, 

 and he warns instructors and teachers that 



La seule partie utile de la medecine est 1' hygiene; encore 1' hygiene 

 est-elle moins une science qu'une vertu. La temperance et le travail eont 

 les deux vrais medecines de I'homme : le travail aiguise son appetit, 

 et la temperance 1'empeche d'en abuser. 



Thus the importance of the physiological factor was strongly 

 present to his mind. He also gives reasons and examples of 

 the superiority both physically and ethically of a simple 

 natural (cross-feeding) dietary, observations which, as he says, 

 are " de tous les lieux " and "de tous les temps." 



Voltaire pronounced Emile a stupid romance, but admitted 

 that it contained fifty pages which he would have bound in 

 morocco. These, says John Morley, we may be sure, con- 

 cerned religion. " In truth it was the Savoyard Vicar's 

 profession of faith which stirred France far more than the 

 upbringing of the natural man in things temporal." 



In my opinion future generations will give pride of place 

 to the physiological verities contained in the Emile, in 



