THE PROBLEM OF BODY AND MIND 235 



the most real fact in the world. There must surely be some 

 bungling with words when the distinguished physiologist 

 Prof. Jacques Loeb speaks of our existence being " based 

 on the play of blind forces and only a matter of chance ", 

 and of ourselves as " only chemical mechanisms ". Ideas are 

 not impalpable will-o'-the-wisps, they have hands and feet. 

 " My mind to me a Kingdom is," not a dispensable emana- 

 tion suspended tremulously over the physical, like the heat- 

 haze over the cornfields. The starry firmament on high 

 is scarce more awe-inspiring than the spiritual edifice 

 scientific and ethical, artistic and religious which man has 

 built outside himself. Neither in peace nor in war can 

 we ignore the larger values of the true, the beautiful, and 

 the good without imperilling body as well as soul. What- 

 ever theory we adopt about body and mind monist or dual- 

 ist, correlationist or interactionist, organicist or animist 

 these facts remain. 



One of Darwin's services was to show man's solidarity 

 with the rest of creation, his affiliation to a mammalian 

 stock. That this was a very important contribution to human 

 thought is recognised almost unanimously, and no one any 

 longer dreams that the dignity or value of a result is affected 

 by the historical conditions of its becoming or evolution. 

 Yet it seems fair to point out the risk, that focussing atten- 

 tion on the rock whence Man was hewn and the pit whence 

 he was digged, may lead to an under-estimate of the apart- 

 ness and uniqueness of Man as compared with the rest of 

 creation. He is separated off by reason or the power of 

 conceptual inference, by morality or the habit of control- 

 ling his conduct in reference to ideals, by the possession of 

 true language or Logos. Man was the greatest of mutations 

 a new synthesis ; and it is certain that in him organismal 



