10 RANUNCVLACEJS. [TBOLLIVS. 



DISTRIB. N. temp, and arctic regions; species 9. ETYM. Trol, a globe, 

 iu old German. 



1. T. europse'us, L. ; flower globose, petals equalling the stamens. 

 Moist subalpine pastures and copses, from Worcester and S. Wales northwards, 

 ascending to 3,300 ft. ; N. of Ireland only, and very rare ; fl. June- Aug. 

 Glabrous. Rootstock short, crowned with rigid fibres. Stem 6-24 in., simple, 

 leafy. Radical leaves petioled, suborbicular, 5-partite, segments cuneate 

 lobed and cleft; cauline smaller, sessile. Flowers 1-1J in. diam., pale 

 yellow. Sepals orbicular, concave. Petals oblong. Stamens short. /'<>///- 

 cles transversely wrinkled, keeled, beaked. Seeds many, testa black dotted. 

 DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic) to the Caucasus. 



8. HELLEB ORUS, L. HELLEBORE, BEAR's-FOOT. 

 Coarse perennial herbs. Leaves palmately pedately or digitately lobeil, 

 upper bract-like. Flowers corymbose. Sepals 5, large, petaloid or herbace- 

 ous, imbricate, persistent. Petals small, tubular, 2-lipped. Stamens many. 

 Carpels free, or united below; ovules many, 2-seriate. Follicles few or 

 many, dehisciug at the top. Seeds many, oblong, funicle thickened, testa 

 crustaceous, shining. DISTRIB. Europe, N. and W. Asia; species 10. 

 ETYM. (\t?v to injure, and fapAfood. 



1. H. vi'ridis, L. ; stem few-flowered annual, radical leaves digitate, 

 cauline sessile, sepals spreading. 



Woods, hedges, &c. chiefly on chalk in the S. and E. of England, often natu- 

 ralized ; a denizen, Watson; fl. March- April. Glabrous, dark-green, 1-1 ^ ft. 

 Radical leaves fully developed after flowering ; leaflets 5-7, narrow, serrate, 

 lateral cleft. Flowers inclined, 1^-2 in. diam. Sepals green, oblong. 

 Petals 9-12, minute, shorter than the stamens, curved. Follicles 3; 

 style straight, subulate. DiSTRiB. Europe, from Holland southwards, 

 exclusive of Russia ; introd. in U. States. Occasionally used aa a substitute 

 for H, officinalis, 



2. H. fce'tidus, L. ; stem many-flowered perennial, leaves pedate, 

 sepals erect. Stinking Hellebore. 



Chalk-pastures and thickets S. and E. of England, rare, naturalized else- 

 where, but indigenous in Suffolk ; a denizen, Watson ; fl. Feb.-March. 

 Glabrous below, glandular-pubescent above. Stem 1-2 ft. leafless, scarred 

 below. Lower leaves petioled, leaflets 5-7, nearly as in //. viridis, but the 

 outer segments recurved, upper with large sheaths. Flowers drooping, 1 in. 

 diam. Sepals green, bordered with dull-purple, truncate. Petals snorter 

 than the stamens. Follicles 3, wrinkled, glandular, style subulate. DISTRIB. 

 W. Europe, from Belgium southwards. Plant foetid and cathartic. 



8*. ERAN'THIS, Salisbury. WINTER ACONITE. 



Low herbs. Rootstock stout, creeping. Radical leaves palmate ; cauline 

 whorled and involucriform. Flower solitary, yellow. Sepals 5-8, narrow, 

 petaloid, deciduous, imbricate. Petals small, clawed, 2-lipped. Stamens 

 many. Carpels 5-6 stipitate. Follicles many-seeded. Seeds ovoid or 

 globose, testa smooth crustaceous. DISTRIB. Europe and N. Asia; 

 species 2. ETYM. fpos spring, and &v9os flower. 



E. HYEMA'LIS, Salisb. ; sepals 6-8 oblong. 

 In plantations, parks, &c., naturalized ; fl. Jvn.-March. Stem 4-6 in. Radical 



