CAMELINA.] CRUCIFER^E. 35 



13*. GAMELI'NA, Crantz. GOLD OF PLEASUKE. 

 Annual, erect herbs. Leaves almost entire, cauline auricled. Flowers 

 small, yellow. Sepals short, equal at the base. Petals obovate. Pod 

 obovoid ; valves turgid, keeled at the base, produced upwards along the 

 base of the style ; margins flattish ; septum membranous ; stigma simple. 

 Seeds many, 2-seriate, not margined ; funicle slender, adnate at the base 

 to the septum ; cotyledons incumbent. DISTRIB. Europe and temp. Asia ; 

 species 5-10 (all vars. of one ?). ETYM. x a f j - a ' 1 an( i Mvov, dwarf flax. 



C. SATI'VA, L. ; radical leaves petioled, cauline oblong-lanceolate. 

 Flax-fields, sporadic, not even naturalized ; fl. June-July. Stems 2-3 ft., 

 branched above, slender. Radical leaves soon withering ; cauline 1-3 in. , 

 obtuse ; auricles pointed, entire or lobulate. Flowers J in. diam. Petals 

 erect, spathulate. Pods ^-^ in. , on slender spreading peduncles, obovoid, 

 margins flat, thin ; seeds few, oblong, punctulate. DISTRIB. Central and 

 S. Europe, and temp. Asia. Seeds used for soap-makers' oil, for feeding 

 poultry, and making oil-cake. 



14. SUBUI.A'RIA, L. AWL-WORT. 



A small submerged perennial scapigerous herb. Radical leaves all subu- 

 late. Flowers small, white. Sepals spreading, equal. Petals small. Pod 

 shortly stalked, oblong or nearly globose ; valves convex, ribbed ; septum 

 membranous ; stigma sessile, entire. Seeds few, 2-seriate ; cotyledons 

 incumbent, incurved, narrowed into the radicle ; the lengthened bases of 

 the cotyledons being turned up, a transverse section of the embryo shows 

 a radicle with apparently 4 cotyledons. DISTRIB. Arctic, N. and Central 

 Europe, N. Asia, Iceland, N.E. U. States. ETYM. subula, from the form 

 of the leaves. 



1. S. aquat'ica, L. ; leaves cellular, scape naked few-flowered. 

 Gravelly bottoms of subalpine lakes in Scotland, ascending to 2,200 ft. ; Wales, 

 and Ireland ; fl. June- Aug. Roots of densely tufted glabrous matted white 

 fibres from a small stock. Leaves 1-3 in. , fascicled, terete, gradually tapar- 

 ing upwards. Scapes 1-3 in. Flowers ^ in. diam., submerged. Pods small, 

 J in. ; pedicel short, ascending ; seeds pale brown, punctulate. 



15. CAPSELLA, Mozndi. SHEPHERD'S PURSE. 



Annual herbs. Radical leaves entire or lobed. Flowers small, white, 

 pedicels slender. Sepals spreading, equal. Pod much laterally compressed, 

 oblong or obcuneate or obcordate ; valves boat-shaped, keeled ; septum 

 membranous; stigma sessile. Seeds many, minute ; cotyledons incumbent. 

 DISTRIB. N. temp, regions ; species 6. ETYM. Diminutive of Capmla. 

 Petals tend to be transformed into stamens. 



1. C. Bur'sa-Pastor'is, DC. ; pod triangular or obcordate. 

 A weed in all situations, ascending to 1,200 ft. ; fl. March-No v. Glabrous 

 or hairy, hairs branched. Roots long, tapering. Stems 6-16 in., branched. 

 Leaves rosulate, pinnatifid, rarely entire, upper lobe triangular, cauline 

 auricled. Flowers V& in. diam. Pods J-| in. ; pedicels slender ; style 

 short ; valves smooth ; seeds many, oblong, punctate. DISTRIB. Temp 

 and Arctic Europe, N. Africa and Asia to the Himalaya; introd. in all 

 temp, climates. D 2 



