RAPHANUS.] CRUCIFER^E. 41 



DISTRIB. Europe and temp. Asia ; species 6. ETYM. fid and ^>aiW, iu 

 allusion to its rapid growth. 



1. R. Raphanis'trum, L. ; leaf-segments usually few and remote, pod 

 subulate not much constricted at the 4-8 joints faintly ribbed, beak as long 

 as the 2 or 3 last joints. Wild Radish or White Charlock. 



Cornfields ; ascends to 1,000 feet ; a colonist, Watson ; fl. May-Sept. 

 Annual, stout, 1-2 ft., erect or spreading, hairy or hispid. Leaves 4-10 in., 

 coarsely toothed or serrate, terminal lobe largest. Flowers f in. diam., 

 white or straw-coloured. Pods 1-3 in., dehiscing at the base above the first 

 seedless segment, which is very small; beak -|in., subulate, flattened. 

 DISTHIB. Europe (Arctic), N. Africa, N. and W. Asia to India ; introd. 

 in America. This, the origin of the garden radish, is probably a form 

 of the next species. 



2. R. marit imus, L. ; leaf-segments many approximate horizontal or 

 reversed, alternate often smaller, pod of 2-4 joints separated by a very 

 deep constriction strongly ribbed when dry, beak slender subulate. 



Sandy and rocky shores from the Clyde southwards, and in Ireland ; fl. July- 

 Aug. Very near R. Raphanistrum and perhaps the wild form of that plant, 

 but biennial, more hispid ; leaves with more numerous and closer set lobes ; 

 flowers smaller, darker yellow, rarely white ; pod with fewer joints, deeper 

 intervals between them, stronger ribs and a beak as long as the upper joint. 

 DISTRIB. W. Europe, from Holland to Spain. 



ORDER VII. RESEDA CE^E. 



Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple or 

 pinnatiseet ; stipules 0, or minute and glandular. Flowers racemed or 

 spiked, bracteate. Calyx persistent, 4-7*partite, often irregular, imbricate 

 in bud. Petals 4-7, hypogynous, entire or lobed, equal or the posticous 

 larger, open in bud. Disk hypogynous, conspicuous. Stamens usually 

 many, inserted on the disk, equal or unequal, free or connate. Ovary of 2-6 

 connate carpels, lobed at the top, open between the stigmatiferous lobes ; 

 ovules usually many, on 2-6 parietal placentas, amphitropous or campylo- 

 tropous. Fruit usually a coriaceous capsule, open at the top. Seeds many, 

 reniform, exalbuminous ; embryo curved or folded ; cotyledons incumbent. 

 DISTRIB. Europe, W. Asia, N. and S. Africa ; genera 6 ; species 20. 

 AFFINITIES. Too closely allied to Capparidece. PROPERTIES. Reseda 

 Luteola yields "Weld," a yellow dye ; others are considered acrid. 

 1. RESEDA, L. MIGNONETTE. 



Herbs. Leaves entire lobed or pinnatifid ; stipules glandular. Flowers 

 racemed. Calyx irregular. Petals unequal, 2-multifid, the posticous 

 with a membranous appendage on its face. Disk broad dilated be- 

 hind. Stamens 10-40. Ovary sessile or stalked. DISTRIB. Europe 

 and W. Asia ; species 26. ETYM. resedo, in allusion to supposed sedative 

 properties. 



1. R. Lute ola, L.\ leaves linear -lanceolate 'undivided, sepals 4, 

 stigmas 3. Dyers weed, Weld. 



