42 RESEDACE^E. 



Waste places, especially on clay or chalk soils ; doubtfully native in Scotland ; 

 common in Ireland; fl. June- Aug. Glabrous, 2-3 ft., annual or biennial, 

 branched. Racemes long, spike-like. Ftoicers yellow. 1'etalg 3-5, if 5 upper 

 3-4-cleft, two lateral 3-cleft,.two lower entire. Dixk large, crenate. S////. .< 

 20-24. Capsule depressed,' 3-lobed. Seeds subglobose, black. DISTHIH. 

 Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia ; introd. in U. States. 



2. R. In tea, L. ; leaves 2-3-fid or pinnate or bipinnatind, lobes few- 

 distant linear obtuse, sepals and petals 6 very unequal, stigmas usually 3. 

 Waste places, from Dumfries and Haddington southwards, very rare in Ire- 

 land, and perhaps introduced ; tt. June- Aug. Biennial. Stem, 1-2 ft. , 

 branched, ribbed, papillose. Leaves very various in lobmg. Racemes dense- 

 flowered, conical ; nowers pale yellow. Sepals linear, upper smaller, i '/,/ , 

 j,< t,:ls with a 2-lobed claw and 3-tid limb, lateral 2-rid, lower entire. Stamen* 

 16-20, deflexed. Capsule %-$ in., oblong, 3-toothed. Seeds obovoid, black. 

 DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia. 



R. AL'BA, L. ; leaves pinnate undulate glaucous, sepals 5-6, petals 5-6 



all 3-fid, stigmas usually 4. ft. su/ruticuto'sa, L., and ft. fruticulo'sa, L. 



Waste places, chiefly near the sea, an outcast, naturalized only ; fl. June- 



Aug. I follow Bentham in taking the name of alba for this, which most 



authors agree in considering the same with fraticulosa and .<//////;.,//,,/. 



Flowers white. Stamens 12-14. Seeds reniform, rough. DISTRIB. S. Europe 



and N. Africa. The true Ji. alba is more often 6-merous than is 



ORDER VIII. CISTl'NE.ffi. 



Herbs or shrubs. Leaves opposite, entire ; stipules foliaceous, small, 

 or 0. Flowers terminal and solitary, or in racemes (scorpioid cynics). 

 Sepals 3-5, imbricate, 2 outer (bracts of some) small or ; 3 inner often 

 convolute in bud. Petals 5, rarely 3 or 0, fugacious, convolute in bud. 

 Stamens many, rarely lew, hypogynous, free. Ovary 1-celled, or divided 

 by parietal septa ; style simple, stigmas 3 ; ovules 2 or more, on parietal 

 placentas, orthotropous, funicles slender. Capsule 3-5-valved ; valves 

 placentiferous. Seeds with mealy or firm albumen, testa crustaeeous often 

 mucilaginous; embryo usually curved and excentric. DISTRIB. Eurupe, 

 N. Africa and W. Asia; rare in N. America; genera 4; species 60. 

 AFFINITIES. With BUinca and Cappar idea;. PROPERTIES. A resinous 

 balsam (Ladanum) is yielded by C'-isti. 



1. HELIAN'THEMUM, Touni. ROCK-ROSE. 



Herbs or under shrubs. Petals 5. Stamens many, rarely few. Ovary 

 inany-ovuled, style jointed at the base, stigma capitate or 3-lobed. Embryo 

 hooked, folded or circumflex. DISTRIB. Europe, W '. Asia and N. America ; 

 species about 30. ETYM. ?,\ios and &vQfpov, sun-flower. Various species 

 air dimorphic, some flowers having no petals and few stamens. 



SECTION 1. Hellan'themum proper. Style elongate, bent upwards. 

 Funiclc thickened. Etnbryo with the radicle bent upwards parallel to the 

 cotyledons. 



1. H. vulga're, Gccrtn. ; shrubby, leaves opposite stipulate, margins 



