HELIANTHEMUM.] CISTIXEsE. 43 



flat hairy above downy below, pedicels bracteate. H. mirreja'num, Eng. 



Bot. (a garden variety) ; Cis'tus tomento'sus, Sm. 



Dry soils, abundant, except in the W. of Scotland and Cornwall, ascending 

 to 2,000 ft., absent from Ireland; fl. July-Sept. branches 3-10-in., pro 

 cumbent. Leaves oblong, variable. Flowers if-lj in. diam. , yellow ; bracts 

 narrow. Sepals subglabrous, inner apiculate. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), N. 

 Africa, W. Asia. 



2. H. polifo'lium, Pers. ; shrubby, leaves opposite hoary and downy 

 on both surfaces stipulate, margins recurved, pedicels bracteate. 



Stony places, very rare, Brean Downs Somerset, Babbicombe and Torquay ; 

 fl. July-Aug. Habit of H. vulgare, tut more shrubby, leaves with recurved 

 and even revolute margins, and flowers white. Sepals tomentose, inner obtuse. 

 DISTRIB. Mid. and S. Europe, N. Africa. 



SECTION 2. Tubera'ria. Style straight or 0. Funicle thickened. 

 Embryo annular. 



3. H. gutta'tum, Miller ; annual, hoary and hairy, erect, lower leaves 

 opposite exstipulate, upper alternate stipulate. 



Dry hilly downs in Wales, S. Ireland, and the Channel Is. ; fl. June-Aug. 

 Stem 6-12 in., 2-3-chotomously branched. Leaves 1-2 in., linear- or 

 obovate- or oblong-lanceolate. Flowers 3 -^ in. diam., in unilateral cymes, 

 yellow with a red spot at the base of the cuneate petals. Capsule smooth, 

 DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa, W. Asia. 



Sub-sp. GUTTA'TUM proper ; pedicels ebracteate. Cork, Jersey, Alderney. 



Sub-sp. BREWE'RI, Planchon (sp.); pedicels bracteate. Holyhead and 

 Anglesea. 



SECTION 3. Pseudo-cis'tus. Style sigmoid. Funicle not thickened. 



Emlryo sigmoid. 



4. H. canum, Dunal ; shrubby, hoary, leaves opposite exstipulate, 

 pedicels usually bracteate. Cis'tus mar'lfolius, and C. ang'licus, L. 



Dry banks, rocks, &c. in W. England, from Westmoreland to Glamorgan, and 



in Teesdale, ascending to 1,800 ft. ; W. Ireland, Arran Is. ; fl. May-July. 



Woody, procumbent, much branched, 6-8 in. Leaves -| in. , ovate or 



oblong. Flowers - in. diam. , few, yellow. DISTRIB. Europe, N. Africa 



and W. Asia. 

 VAR. 1, ca'num proper ; leaves hoary on both surfaces, and hairy above, 



sepals pubescent and having spreading hairs. VAR. 2, vinea'le, Pers. (sp.); 



leaves hoary beneath, nearly glabrous above, sepals hoary and shortly hairy 



on the edges ribs and margins. 



ORDER IX. VIOLA'CEJE. 



Herbs or shrubs. Leaves alternate, entire or pinnatisect, margins invo- 

 lute in vernation ; stipules generally persistent. Flowers axillary, regular 

 or irregular, solitary or c'ymose, 2-bracteolate. Sepals 5, persistent, equal 

 or unequal, imbricate in bud. Petals 5, equal or unequal, hypogynous, im- 

 bricate or contorted in bud. Stamens 5, filaments short, broad; anthers free 

 or connate by the broad connective, which is produced beyond the cells. 

 <>rarj sessile, 1 -celled ; style simple, stigma entire cup-shaped or lobed ; 



