POLYGALA.] - POLYGALE^E. 47 



-.1 in., white, pink, blue, lilac, or purple. Sepals purplish in flower, green 

 in fruit. DISTRIB. Europe (Arctic), N. Africa, Siberia, and W. Asia. 



Sub-sp. VULGA'RIS proper, stems ascending, leaves all linear or lanceolate, 

 racemes many-flowered, central bract as long as the flowering pedicel, pedicels 

 sepals petals and capsules not ciliate. VAR. 1, branches straight, large sepals 

 oblong-obovate broader than the capsule. Common ; ascends to near 

 3,000 ft. in the Highlands. VAR. 2, grand' i flora, Syme ; upper leaves large, 

 inner sepals oblong acute, flowers large dark blue. Beubulben, Sligo. 



Sub-sp. OXYP'TERA, Reich, (sp. ) ; branches flexuous, leaves linear, inner sepals 

 cuneate below shorter and narrower than the capsule, pedicels, &c. glabrous. 

 Sandy shores, limestones and chalky soils, local. VAR. cil'iata; branches 

 prostrate tortuous, inner sepals broader than the capsule, pedicels bracts 

 sepals and capsule ciliate. Gogmagog Hills 

 ' 



Sub-sp. DEPRES'SA, Wenderoth (sp. ) ; stems flexuous, leaves somewhat opposite 

 and distichous, lower oblong spathulate, racemes fewer-flowered, central 

 bract shorter than the flowering pedicel. Common on heaths. 



2. P. calca'rea, F. Schultz ; stem?? many, flowering snoots axillary 

 from the rosulate obovate radical leaves, cauline leaves oblong, inner sepals 

 obovate broader and longer than the capsules, central nerve branched 

 beyond the middle, capsule obcordate, lobes of aril unequal. P. ama'ra, 

 Don, not L. 



Dry soil and rocks, S. and S.E. England ; Wiltshire to Kent, and Gloucester 

 to Berks ; fl. June-July. Rootstock branched. Stem 2-6 in. ; leaves more 

 rosulate ; flowers various in colour. The flowering shoots being always 

 axillary from the lower leaves is its best character, giving the plant an 

 umbellate appearance : sub-sp. depressa of P. .vvlgaris is intermediate in 

 this respect. DISTRIB. Central and S. Europe. Perhaps only a sub-species 

 of P. vulgaris. 



3. P. uligino'sa, Fries; leaves rosulate spathulate, from the axils of 

 which the flowering branches spring, inner sepals oblong or obovate obtuse 

 narrower than the capsule, veins simple or slightly branched free, capsule 

 obcuneate notched, lobes of aril nearly equal. P. austri'aca, Crantz. 

 Very rare, .margins of rills, High Force and Cronkley Fell, Teesdale, alt. 



1,800ft. ;'fl. June-July. Much smaller than either of the above, 2-4 in. 

 Rootstock short. Leaves more fleshy. Flowers deep pink or blue in the 

 British form, which Syme distinguishes as a variety from the German, 

 which is white (Reichenbach's figure is blue), and has the capsule rounded 

 at the base. DISTRIB. W. Europe (Arctic) from Sweden to Italy. 



ORDER XI. FRANKENIA'CEJE. 



Perennial rarely annual herbs or small shrubs, with jointed internodes. 

 Leaves small, opposite, exstipulate. Flowers small, regular, solitary, in 

 the forks of the branches. Calyx tubular, persistent ; lobes 4-6, in- 

 duplicate in bud. Petals 4-6, hypogynous, free, imbricate in bud, claws 

 with an adherent scale. Stamens 4 or more, free or connate at the base ; 

 anthers versatile, 2-celled. Ovary free, sessile, 1-celled ; style slender, 

 stigma 2-5 lobed ; ovules many, in 2 series, on 2-5 parietal placentas, 

 amphitropous with the micropyle below ; funicle slender. Capsult 



